Software Testing: Master the Principles of Software Quality Assurance

Question 1

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of market failure?

Accepted Answer

Resource misallocation

Answer

Government intervention

Answer

Perfect competition

Answer

Consumer sovereignty

Question 2

Identify the example of a market failure caused by a negative externality:

Accepted Answer

A factory's emissions harming the health of nearby residents

Answer

Government subsidies raising consumer prices

Answer

A hurricane damaging crops and causing food shortages

Question 3

Which statement does NOT describe a characteristic of market failure?

Accepted Answer

Government intervention to correct market inefficiencies

Answer

Inefficient allocation of resources

Answer

Negative externalities affecting third parties

Answer

Insufficient provision of public goods that benefit society

Question 4

What is a potential downside of government intervention in correcting market failures?

Accepted Answer

It can lead to new market failures or distortions.

Answer

It always favors consumers over producers.

Answer

It is always the most effective way to address market failures.

Question 5

Which fundamental principle of software testing emphasizes involving stakeholders in the process?

Accepted Answer

Incorporating stakeholder perspectives

Answer

Prioritizing prevention over bug detection

Answer

Testing critical functions solely

Answer

Employing only experienced testers

Question 6

What is the primary objective of test planning?

Accepted Answer

Outlining the overall testing strategy

Answer

Identifying every possible test

Answer

Choosing specific testing methods

Answer

Executing tests and analyzing results

Question 7

What type of testing assesses a software system's efficiency and responsiveness?

Accepted Answer

Performance testing

Answer

Functional testing

Answer

Regression testing

Answer

Acceptance testing

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of regression testing?

Accepted Answer

Identifying new bugs due to code modifications

Answer

Verifying the resolution of existing bugs

Answer

Confirming software adherence to requirements

Answer

Evaluating system performance

Question 9

What is the main purpose of static testing?

Accepted Answer

Analyzing code without execution

Answer

Identifying design phase defects

Answer

Detecting potential security vulnerabilities

Answer

Evaluating system performance

Question 10

Which of the following is a key objective of software testing?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that software meets its requirements and specifications.

Answer

To identify as many bugs as possible.

Answer

To automate the testing process as much as possible.

Answer

To improve the performance of software.

Question 11

What is a test case?

Accepted Answer

A unit of testing that consists of a set of inputs, expected outputs, preconditions, and postconditions.

Answer

A list of steps that describe how to test a particular feature or function of a software application.

Answer

A set of test data that is used to test a software application.

Answer

A measure of the quality of a software product.

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of a test plan in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To define the scope, objectives, and approach of testing.

Answer

To specify all of the test cases that will be executed.

Answer

To provide guidance on how to conduct testing.

Answer

To document the results of testing.

Question 13

What is the primary benefit of regression testing?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that changes made to software do not cause existing functionality to break.

Answer

To identify new bugs that were not found during previous testing.

Answer

To improve the overall quality and reliability of software.

Answer

To reduce the cost of software development.

Question 14

State a key principle of software testing.

Accepted Answer

Software must be tested to ensure it works as intended.

Answer

Software must be tested thoroughly after it is developed.

Answer

Software must be tested to identify all possible errors.

Answer

Software is inherently flawless, making testing unnecessary.

Question 15

Identify the main objective of performance testing.

Accepted Answer

Confirm if the software meets performance requirements.

Answer

Find errors within the software code.

Answer

Evaluate software security.

Answer

Assess software usability.

Question 16

Identify a tool used for automated testing.

Accepted Answer

Selenium

Answer

Jira

Answer

Postman

Answer

Jenkins

Question 17

State the primary function of a test case.

Accepted Answer

Define conditions for testing specific software features.

Answer

Describe the predicted behavior of the software during testing.

Answer

Automate the testing process.

Answer

Record the outcomes of testing.

Question 18

Identify a risk-based testing technique.

Accepted Answer

Fault tree analysis

Answer

Decision coverage

Answer

Equivalence partitioning

Answer

Boundary value analysis

Question 19

Describe the main responsibility of a test manager.

Accepted Answer

Plan and manage the testing process.

Answer

Design and execute test cases.

Answer

Report on testing results.

Answer

Develop testing tools.

Question 20

Which of the following is **not** a recognized type of software testing?

Accepted Answer

Economic analysis

Answer

Functional testing

Answer

Structural testing

Answer

Regression testing

Question 21

What is the primary purpose of test planning in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To define the scope, objectives, and schedule of the testing effort.

Answer

To design and execute test cases.

Answer

To evaluate the test results.

Answer

To manage the testing process.

Question 22

What is the primary goal of performance testing in software engineering?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate the speed, reliability, and scalability of a software system under varying workloads.

Answer

To identify defects in the software system.

Answer

To verify that the software system meets its functional requirements.

Answer

To measure the coverage of the test cases.

Question 23

What is the primary difference between a unit test and an integration test in software testing?

Accepted Answer

A unit test tests a single unit of software, while an integration test tests multiple integrated units of software.

Answer

An integration test tests a single unit of software, while a unit test tests multiple integrated units of software.

Answer

There is no difference between a unit test and an integration test.

Answer

A unit test is a white-box test, while an integration test is a black-box test.

Question 24

What is the defining characteristic of black box testing?

Accepted Answer

Testing the software's functionality without knowing its internal workings

Answer

Examining the software's internal code

Answer

Evaluating the software's performance under different conditions

Answer

Assessing the software's user experience

Question 25

What is a drawback of mutation testing?

Accepted Answer

It demands substantial computational resources.

Answer

It can identify faults that traditional testing methods miss.

Answer

It aids in optimizing test cases for better fault detection.

Answer

It is applicable to all software systems.

Question 26

Which activity is not a core component of the software testing life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Code review

Answer

Test case design

Answer

Test execution

Answer

Test reporting

Question 27

What is the primary goal of software testing?

Accepted Answer

To verify that a software system meets its specifications and user requirements.

Answer

To detect and eliminate all defects in a software system.

Answer

To create detailed documentation on the behavior of a software system.

Answer

To solely satisfy the quality assurance team in a software development organization.

Question 28

What is the primary purpose of a test plan in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To outline the scope, objectives, and approach of the testing process.

Answer

To describe the specific test cases that will be executed.

Answer

To record the results of the testing activities.

Answer

To analyze the quality of the software product.

Question 29

What is the key difference between a fault in software and a failure?

Accepted Answer

A fault is an error in the software code, while a failure is the observable consequence of the fault in the software's behavior.

Answer

A failure is an error in the software code, while a fault is the observable consequence of the failure in the software's behavior.

Answer

A fault and a failure are essentially the same concept.

Answer

A failure is always more severe than a fault.

Question 30

What is the primary goal of performance testing in software development?

Accepted Answer

To assess the speed, responsiveness, and scalability of a software system under varying workloads.

Answer

To identify defects in the software's code.

Answer

To ensure that the software meets its functional requirements.

Answer

To measure the security of the software system.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT an advantage associated with agile testing?

Accepted Answer

Eliminates all defects in the software.

Answer

Enhances collaboration between testers and developers.

Answer

Reduces the overall testing time.

Answer

Improves the quality of the software product.

Question 32

What is the fundamental difference between static and dynamic testing in software development?

Accepted Answer

Static testing is performed without executing the software, while dynamic testing is performed by executing the software.

Answer

Dynamic testing is performed without executing the software, while static testing is performed by executing the software.

Answer

Static and dynamic testing are essentially the same concept.

Answer

Static testing is always more effective than dynamic testing.

Question 33

The primary purpose of test planning is to:

Accepted Answer

Define the scope and objectives of testing

Answer

Design specific test cases

Answer

Execute test cases and evaluate results

Answer

Report and track testing progress

Question 34

How do unit testing and integration testing differ?

Accepted Answer

Unit tests focus on individual modules, while integration tests focus on interactions between modules

Answer

Integration tests focus on individual modules, while unit tests focus on interactions between modules

Answer

Unit tests are typically executed manually, while integration tests are typically automated

Answer

Integration tests are typically executed manually, while unit tests are typically automated

Question 35

Which tool is commonly used for performance testing?

Accepted Answer

LoadRunner

Answer

JUnit

Answer

Selenium

Answer

Postman

Question 36

What's the purpose of a test case?

Accepted Answer

To document the expected behavior under specific conditions

Answer

To design test data and expected outputs

Answer

To execute test steps and evaluate results

Answer

To report and track testing progress

Question 37

What is the primary purpose of a test plan in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To outline the overall testing strategy

Answer

To specify the exact test cases to be executed

Answer

To document the results of the testing

Answer

To manage the resources allocated for testing

Question 38

Which test design technique involves dividing the input domain into classes with equivalent behavior?

Accepted Answer

Equivalence partitioning

Answer

Boundary value analysis

Answer

Decision table testing

Answer

State transition testing

Question 39

What is the primary goal of a test strategy in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To define the overall approach to testing

Answer

To define the specific test cases to be executed

Answer

To manage the resources allocated for testing

Answer

To document the results of the testing

Question 40

Which test automation framework is commonly used for functional testing?

Accepted Answer

Selenium

Answer

JMeter

Answer

SoapUI

Answer

LoadRunner

Question 41

What is the primary objective of regression testing?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that changes made to the software do not break existing functionality

Answer

To find new defects in the software

Answer

To verify that the software meets its requirements

Answer

To improve the performance of the software

Question 42

Which test design technique involves partitioning input values into equivalence classes?

Accepted Answer

Equivalence partitioning

Answer

Boundary value analysis

Answer

State transition testing

Answer

Decision coverage

Question 43

Which metric measures the rate at which test cases are executed?

Accepted Answer

Test execution rate

Answer

Test coverage

Answer

Defect density

Answer

Mean time to failure

Question 44

What is the key difference between black-box and white-box testing?

Accepted Answer

Black-box testing focuses on functionality, while white-box testing focuses on internal structure.

Answer

White-box testing focuses on functionality, while black-box testing focuses on internal structure.

Answer

Black-box testing is more effective than white-box testing.

Answer

White-box testing is more effective than black-box testing.

Question 45

Which of the following is a widely used software testing tool for web applications?

Accepted Answer

Selenium

Answer

Jira

Answer

Postman

Answer

Jenkins

Question 46

What is the primary objective of performance testing?

Accepted Answer

To identify performance bottlenecks and inefficiencies

Answer

To ensure user satisfaction with software performance

Answer

To verify the absence of software defects

Answer

To assess software security

Question 47

What is the main purpose of a test oracle in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To determine the correctness of test results

Answer

To generate test cases automatically

Answer

To automate test execution

Answer

To measure test effectiveness

Question 48

In software testing, what ethical considerations should testers prioritize, especially when handling sensitive data and considering potential user impact?

Accepted Answer

Report ethical concerns encountered during testing to supervisors.

Answer

Prioritize efficiency to ensure timely software delivery.

Answer

Ethical considerations are not within the scope of software testers' responsibilities.

Answer

Disregard ethical considerations if project deadlines are at stake.

Question 49

During a software testing project, which of the following types of test documentation should be produced and what is its purpose?

Accepted Answer

Test Plan: Provides an overview of the testing approach, scope, and resources.

Accepted Answer

Test Case: Describes the specific steps to execute a particular test.

Accepted Answer

Test Report: Summarizes the testing results and any identified defects.

Accepted Answer

Traceability Matrix: Maps requirements to test cases, ensuring coverage.

Question 50

Which software testing technique is commonly used to verify the functional correctness of a software system without considering its internal structure?

Accepted Answer

Black-box testing

Answer

Mutation testing

Answer

White-box testing

Answer

Performance testing

Question 51

What is the primary purpose of unit testing in software development?

Accepted Answer

To test the smallest testable units of software in isolation

Answer

To test the integration of multiple software units

Answer

To test the user interface and usability of the software

Answer

To test the performance of the entire software system

Question 52

Which coverage criterion ensures that all linearly independent paths through the code are executed at least once during testing?

Accepted Answer

Path coverage

Answer

Line coverage

Answer

Statement coverage

Answer

Branch coverage

Question 53

What is the key difference between static testing and dynamic testing in software development?

Accepted Answer

Static testing analyzes code without executing it, whereas dynamic testing involves executing the code

Answer

Static testing is more comprehensive than dynamic testing

Answer

Dynamic testing is more efficient than static testing

Question 54

What is the primary purpose of a test plan in software testing?

Accepted Answer

To define the scope, objectives, and approach of the testing activities

Answer

To report the results of the testing activities

Answer

To specify the detailed test cases to be executed

Question 55

Which test design technique is based on the analysis of the system's requirements and specifications?

Accepted Answer

Requirement-based testing

Answer

Experience-based testing

Answer

Exploratory testing

Answer

Risk-based testing

Question 56

What is the primary objective of regression testing in software development?

Accepted Answer

To verify that changes to the software have not introduced new defects or adversely affected existing functionality

Answer

To identify new defects in the software

Answer

To ensure that the software meets all of its requirements

Question 57

Which of the following is a key metric used to evaluate the effectiveness and thoroughness of software testing?

Accepted Answer

Test coverage

Answer

Time to complete testing

Answer

Number of defects found

Answer

Cost of testing

Question 58

What is the ethical responsibility of software testers to ensure the quality and integrity of software products?

Accepted Answer

To prioritize the discovery and reporting of defects, ensuring the software is fit for its intended purpose

Answer

To meet deadlines at all costs

Answer

To find as many defects as possible, regardless of their severity

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT a recognized benefit of software testing?

Accepted Answer

Increased software cost

Answer

Early detection of defects

Answer

Improved user satisfaction

Answer

Enhanced software reliability

Question 60

What is the main objective of functional testing?

Accepted Answer

Verifying whether the software system meets its specified requirements

Answer

Evaluating the performance of the software system

Answer

Identifying defects at the code level

Answer

Testing the interactions between different components

Question 61

Which tool type in software testing is used for automated analysis of software code without executing it?

Accepted Answer

Static analysis tool

Answer

Dynamic analysis tool

Answer

Performance testing tool

Answer

Load testing tool

Question 62

What is the primary purpose of a test plan document?

Accepted Answer

To outline the strategy and approach for conducting software testing

Answer

To summarize the results of software testing

Answer

To document every individual test case in detail

Question 63

Which metric is commonly used to measure the extent to which the software system has been tested?

Accepted Answer

Test coverage

Answer

Number of defects found

Answer

Time taken to complete testing

Answer

Number of test cases executed

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT a typical challenge faced in software testing?

Accepted Answer

Abundance of skilled testers

Answer

Rapidly evolving software requirements

Answer

Limited testing time and resources

Answer

Increasing complexity of modern software systems