Periodontal Diseases: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Question 1

Which of the following is a known risk factor for developing periodontal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Maintaining good oral hygiene

Answer

Regular dental check-ups

Answer

Consuming a balanced diet

Question 2

Identify the characteristics of periodontal pathogens:

Accepted Answer

Adhere to the tooth surface

Accepted Answer

Produce enzymes that break down host tissues

Answer

Do not stimulate the immune response

Question 3

What is the initial host response that triggers periodontal inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil infiltration

Answer

Antibody production

Answer

Osteoclast activation

Answer

Lymphocyte proliferation

Question 4

What is the primary culprit behind the destruction of periodontal tissues?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Answer

Trauma

Answer

Autoimmunity

Answer

Genetic factors

Question 5

Which surgical intervention is employed to treat advanced stages of periodontitis?

Accepted Answer

Flap surgery

Answer

Extraction

Answer

Root canal therapy

Answer

Laser therapy

Question 6

Identify the key periodontal pathogen strongly associated with chronic periodontitis:

Accepted Answer

(B) Porphyromonas gingivalis

Answer

(A) Streptococcus mutans

Answer

(C) Candida albicans

Answer

(D) Staphylococcus aureus

Question 7

What is the primary mechanism by which periodontal pathogens trigger inflammation and tissue damage?

Accepted Answer

(C) Stimulation of the host immune response

Answer

(A) Production of endotoxins

Answer

(B) Direct invasion of host cells

Answer

(D) Direct cytotoxic effects

Question 8

Which diagnostic procedure is most commonly employed to assess the severity of periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

(B) Periodontal probing

Answer

(A) Radiographic examination

Answer

(C) Saliva analysis

Answer

(D) Biopsy

Question 9

Which of the following microorganisms is NOT considered a significant periodontal pathogen?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus mutans

Answer

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Answer

Treponema denticola

Answer

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Question 10

Which type of periodontal disease is characterized by rapid progression, severe tissue destruction, and bone loss?

Accepted Answer

Aggressive periodontitis

Answer

Gingivitis

Answer

Chronic periodontitis

Answer

Necrotizing periodontal disease

Question 11

The diagnostic criteria for chronic periodontitis include:

Accepted Answer

Combination of all of the above

Answer

Bleeding on probing

Answer

Clinical attachment loss

Answer

Radiographic evidence of bone loss

Question 12

What is a potential systemic complication of severe periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

Stroke

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Gingivitis

Answer

Tooth decay

Question 13

Which of the following periodontal pathogens is strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis?

Accepted Answer

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Answer

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Answer

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Answer

Treponema denticola

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of gingivitis?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation and bleeding of the gums

Answer

Tooth mobility

Answer

Bone loss

Answer

Pus formation

Question 15

What is the main therapeutic goal in the surgical treatment of periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate periodontal pockets and improve access for oral hygiene

Answer

To remove all affected teeth

Answer

To regenerate lost periodontal tissues

Answer

To suppress the immune response

Question 16

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Age

Answer

Race

Answer

Gender

Question 17

What is the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

To mediate tissue destruction and inflammation

Answer

To inhibit bacterial growth

Answer

To suppress the immune response

Answer

To promote tissue healing

Question 18

Which of the following diagnostic tests provides information about the depth of periodontal pockets?

Accepted Answer

Periodontal probing

Answer

Blood test

Answer

Saliva analysis

Answer

X-rays

Question 19

What is the primary structural component of periodontal biofilm?

Accepted Answer

Extracellular polymeric matrix

Answer

Fungi

Answer

Bacteria

Answer

Viruses

Question 20

Which of the following systemic conditions has been linked to periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Arthritis

Answer

Migraine

Question 21

What is the primary aim of periodontal maintenance therapy?

Accepted Answer

To prevent disease recurrence and progression

Answer

To improve oral aesthetics

Answer

To replace lost teeth

Answer

To cure periodontal disease

Question 22

Which of the following is a key periodontal pathogen?

Accepted Answer

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Answer

Escherichia coli

Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 23

What is a key factor contributing to the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Dysregulated host-microbe interactions

Answer

Excessive mechanical stress alone

Answer

Nutrient deficiencies alone

Answer

Genetic predisposition alone

Question 24

Which of the following clinical signs is NOT typically associated with periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

Unrestored carious lesions

Answer

Periodontal pocket formation

Answer

Bone loss

Answer

Gingival inflammation

Question 25

What is the primary aim of periodontal therapy?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate periodontal pathogens and restore periodontal health

Answer

To improve oral aesthetics alone

Answer

To relieve pain and inflammation alone

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a form of periodontal surgery?

Accepted Answer

Scaling and root planing

Answer

Gingivectomy

Answer

Osseous surgery

Answer

Flap surgery

Question 27

What is the role of the host immune response in periodontal diseases?

Accepted Answer

To clear bacterial infection and promote tissue repair

Answer

To solely exacerbate tissue destruction

Answer

To provide nutrients to periodontal pathogens

Question 28

What is the significance of subgingival bacterial plaque in periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

It provides a reservoir for periodontal pathogens and triggers an inflammatory response

Answer

It protects the periodontal tissues from mechanical trauma

Answer

It promotes tissue healing

Question 29

Which of the following is a key component of preventive periodontal care?

Accepted Answer

Regular dental checkups and professional cleanings

Answer

Root canal therapy

Answer

Antibiotic therapy alone

Answer

Surgical interventions alone