Hydropower Technologies: A Comprehensive Guide for Renewable Energy Studies

Question 1

Which of the following is not a type of hydropower turbine?

Accepted Answer

Wind turbine

Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Axial flow turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Question 2

Which of the following is not a type of hydropower turbine?

Accepted Answer

Centrifugal pump

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Axial-flow turbine

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of the wicket gate in a Francis turbine?

Accepted Answer

Control the flow of water to the turbine runner

Answer

Regulate the speed of the turbine

Answer

Reduce cavitation in the turbine

Answer

Enhance the efficiency of the turbine

Question 4

Which of the following is a key factor affecting the efficiency of a Kaplan turbine?

Accepted Answer

The angle of the blades

Answer

The diameter of the hub

Answer

The speed of the runner

Answer

The pressure of the water

Question 5

What is the primary function of a draft tube in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Recover energy from the water exiting the turbine

Answer

Increase water pressure before it reaches the turbine

Answer

Provide a vacuum for the turbine to operate

Answer

Reduce the risk of cavitation

Question 6

What is the primary role of a governor in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Control the speed of the turbine and power output

Answer

Adjust water flow to meet changing demand

Answer

Synchronize the generator with the electricity grid

Answer

Protect the turbine from overspeeding

Question 7

Which type of hydropower plant is designed to store water and release it during periods of high electricity demand?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage plant

Answer

Run-of-the-river plant

Answer

Reservoir plant

Answer

Tidal plant

Question 8

Which factor has minimal impact on the performance of a hydropower turbine?

Accepted Answer

Water temperature

Answer

Water pressure difference

Answer

Turbine design efficiency

Answer

Quantity of turbine blades

Question 9

Which factor does NOT significantly impact the efficiency of a hydropower turbine?

Accepted Answer

Ambient temperature

Answer

Turbine speed

Answer

Water flow rate

Answer

Turbine design

Question 10

The adjustable blades in a Kaplan turbine primarily serve which purpose?

Accepted Answer

Optimize turbine performance across a wide range of operating conditions

Answer

Control water flow rate to maintain turbine speed

Answer

Ensure efficient energy conversion under varying water pressures

Answer

Protect the turbine from overload

Question 11

The primary function of a surge tank in a hydropower plant is to:

Accepted Answer

Absorb pressure fluctuations and prevent water hammer

Answer

Regulate water flow into the turbine

Answer

Store water for emergency use

Answer

Protect the turbines from cavitation

Question 12

The main purpose of the penstock in a hydropower system is to:

Accepted Answer

Convey water from the reservoir to the turbine

Answer

Control water flow rate entering the turbine

Answer

Provide support for the turbine structure

Answer

Reduce cavitation in the turbine

Question 13

Which type of hydropower plant typically has a large reservoir and a relatively low head?

Accepted Answer

Impoundment

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Pumped storage

Answer

Tidal

Question 14

The primary responsibility of the governor in a hydropower plant is to:

Accepted Answer

Control turbine speed by regulating water flow

Answer

Monitor and adjust water levels in the reservoir

Answer

Protect the turbine from overspeeding

Answer

Synchronize the turbine with the grid

Question 15

Which hydropower turbine type excels in efficiency and adaptability to varying head and flow conditions?

Accepted Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Answer

Cross-flow turbine

Question 16

Which governor type is commonly employed to regulate hydropower turbine speed?

Accepted Answer

Any of the aforementioned

Answer

Mechanical governor

Answer

Hydraulic governor

Answer

Electronic governor

Question 17

What is the primary role of a penstock in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Conveying water from the reservoir to the turbine

Answer

Regulating water flow

Answer

Providing an emergency shutdown mechanism

Answer

Housing the turbine

Question 18

What is a primary advantage of using a synchronous generator in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Grid frequency regulation capability

Answer

Enhanced efficiency and reliability

Answer

Minimal maintenance requirements

Answer

Compact size

Question 19

Examine the potential environmental impacts of hydropower development on aquatic ecosystems and propose effective mitigation strategies to minimize these effects.

Accepted Answer

Hydropower projects can disrupt fish migration, alter water conditions, and flood habitats.

Answer

Hydropower projects enhance fish populations and create new habitats.

Answer

Mitigation strategies are unnecessary for hydropower projects.

Answer

Hydropower projects have no negative effects on aquatic ecosystems.

Question 20

What is the primary advantage of using a Pelton turbine?

Accepted Answer

Ability to operate with high water heads

Answer

High efficiency at low flow rates

Answer

Low maintenance requirements

Answer

Can handle sediment-laden water

Question 21

Which of the following is a major environmental concern associated with hydropower projects?

Accepted Answer

Habitat fragmentation

Answer

Water pollution

Answer

Air pollution

Answer

Noise pollution

Question 22

What is the significance of the specific speed of a hydropower turbine?

Accepted Answer

It indicates the turbine's suitability for a given water flow rate and head

Answer

It affects the turbine's power output

Answer

It is used to calculate the turbine's efficiency

Answer

It determines the turbine's operating speed

Question 23

What is the function of a draft tube in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

To recover the kinetic energy of the water

Answer

To increase the pressure of the water leaving the turbine

Answer

To prevent cavitation

Answer

To control the flow of water into the turbine

Question 24

What is the key difference between a Francis turbine and a propeller turbine?

Accepted Answer

Specific speed range

Answer

Number of blades

Answer

Blade shape

Answer

Operating head range