Master the Endocrine System: A Comprehensive Guide for Veterinary Medicine Students

Question 1

Specify the primary function of the thyroid gland.

Accepted Answer

Regulates metabolism

Answer

Controls growth and development

Answer

Stimulates the release of adrenal hormones

Answer

Maintains fluid balance

Question 2

Which option is a characteristic symptom associated with hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Lethargy

Answer

Cold intolerance

Question 3

Describe the main role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

Regulates the release of hormones from the pituitary gland

Answer

Produces and secretes hormones

Answer

Converts hormones into active forms

Answer

Stores and releases hormones

Question 4

Which hormone is primarily associated with the body's response to stressful situations?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Prolactin

Question 5

Which hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, stimulates milk production in the mammary glands?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine secretion

Answer

Glucocorticoid secretion

Answer

Mineralocorticoid secretion

Answer

Androgen secretion

Question 7

Which hormone plays a primary role in regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 8

Which hormone is essential for the development and maintenance of male reproductive characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Luteinizing hormone

Question 9

Weight loss is a common symptom of which endocrine disorder?

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Cushing's disease

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 10

Which hormone regulates sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 11

Which hormone triggers the release of oxytocin during labor?

Accepted Answer

Prostaglandin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Serotonin

Question 12

Excessive secretion of which hormone in adulthood leads to gigantism?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Question 13

Which hormone stimulates the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin II

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Renin

Question 14

Which hormone, produced by the parathyroid glands, regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Erythropoietin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Producing thyroid hormone

Answer

Producing glucocorticoids

Answer

Producing mineralocorticoids

Answer

Producing sex hormones

Question 16

Which hypothalamic hormone primarily regulates the release of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 17

In response to low blood glucose levels, which hormone is released?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Prolactin

Question 18

Which of the following hormones is involved in regulating ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Testosterone

Question 19

The release of prolactin is inhibited by which hypothalamic hormone?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH)

Answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Question 20

Which gland produces melatonin?

Accepted Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 21

Which structure directly controls the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pineal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland