20th Century Church: Impact, Challenges, and Movements

Question 1

Which theological concern shaped the Ecumenical Movement in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

Christian unity

Answer

The nature of Christ

Answer

The role of women in the Church

Answer

The impact of science on faith

Question 2

Who was a key theologian in the development of Liberation Theology?

Accepted Answer

Gustavo Gutiérrez

Answer

Karl Barth

Answer

Dietrich Bonhoeffer

Answer

Rudolf Bultmann

Question 3

Who was a key figure in the Liturgical Movement of the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

Dom Lambert Beauduin

Answer

Karl Barth

Answer

Martin Buber

Answer

Teilhard de Chardin

Question 4

In what ways did the charismatic movement challenge traditional concepts of church leadership and authority?

Accepted Answer

It elevated the significance of personal experiences and downplayed the role of ordained clergy.

Answer

It reinforced the need for extensive theological training within church leadership.

Answer

It led to a decline in church attendance as people became disillusioned with charismatic practices.

Answer

It strengthened the authority of bishops and popes by promoting the importance of hierarchical structures.

Question 5

In what way did feminist theology challenge traditional gender roles within the Church?

Accepted Answer

By advocating for the ordination of women as priests and ministers

Answer

By opposing the inclusion of women in Church leadership and ministry

Answer

By advocating for the removal of all gendered language from the Bible and Church liturgy

Question 6

What was a defining characteristic of Pentecostalism and similar charismatic movements?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on the baptism of the Holy Spirit

Answer

Formal liturgical practices

Answer

Focus on academic inquiry

Answer

Rejection of miraculous experiences

Question 7

Which of the following was a significant challenge facing the Church in the context of globalization?

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural communication barriers

Answer

Financial constraints

Answer

Lack of trained clergy

Answer

Persecution of Christians

Question 8

How did the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) contribute to developments within the Catholic Church?

Accepted Answer

Modernization of liturgical practices

Answer

Strengthening of papal authority

Answer

Introduction of mandatory celibacy for priests

Answer

Condemnation of modernism

Question 9

How did the rise of Pentecostalism and other charismatic movements impact traditional understandings of Christian spirituality?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on personal religious experiences and emotional expression

Answer

Rejection of established церковный doctrine and rituals

Answer

Increased formality and structure in worship practices

Answer

Decline in emphasis on communal worship

Question 10

In what ways did the two World Wars impact the Church?

Accepted Answer

They led to widespread destruction of churches and disruption of religious practices.

Answer

They had no significant effect on the Church.

Answer

They significantly strengthened the role of the Church in society.

Question 11

Who played a pivotal role in advancing the ecumenical movement in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

Pope John XXIII

Answer

Billy Graham

Answer

Dietrich Bonhoeffer

Question 12

What impact did secularization have on the Church in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

It led to a decrease in religious participation and influence in society.

Answer

It had no significant impact on the Church.

Answer

It strengthened the faith and spirituality within the Church.

Question 13

How did globalization impact the Church in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

It facilitated the spread of Christianity to new regions and cultures.

Answer

It had no significant impact on the Church.

Answer

It weakened the unity and global influence of the Church.

Question 14

Which challenge did the Church face in the post-World War II era?

Accepted Answer

The rise of secularism and atheism

Answer

The resurgence of traditional values

Answer

The growth of Pentecostalism

Answer

The decline of Protestant denominations

Question 15

What major impact did the Second Vatican Council have on the Catholic Church?

Accepted Answer

It initiated reforms that modernized the Church and its practices.

Answer

It strengthened the authority of the Pope and the hierarchy.

Answer

It resulted in a decline in Catholic membership.

Question 16

Which event marked a significant development in the role of women in the Church in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

The ordination of women to the priesthood in some denominations

Answer

The rise of women as leaders in the Church

Answer

The decline in the number of women in religious orders

Question 17

How did the Church respond to the significant social and political changes of the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

It actively engaged in social justice movements and advocated for peace.

Answer

It actively supported authoritarian regimes.

Answer

It remained aloof from social and political issues.

Question 18

Which of the following was a significant impact of the First World War on the Church?

Accepted Answer

The rise of pacifism and Christian Socialism, as well as the decline of theological liberalism

Answer

The growth of ecumenicalism

Question 19

Which of the following factors was a primary driver in the rise of secularization in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

The growth of scientific rationalism, which challenged traditional religious beliefs and practices.

Answer

The decline of religious education

Answer

The spread of communism

Answer

The rise of consumerism

Question 20

What was a central goal of the ecumenical movement in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

To foster unity and cooperation among Christian churches, overcoming historical divisions.

Answer

To spread the gospel to non-Christian countries

Answer

To combat the rise of secularism

Answer

To reform the liturgy of the Church

Question 21

What was the name of the key document that outlined the significant reforms initiated by the Second Vatican Council?

Accepted Answer

Gaudium et Spes, which focused on the Church's relationship with the modern world.

Answer

Lumen Gentium

Answer

Nostra Aetate

Answer

Dei Verbum

Question 22

What was a central emphasis of the charismatic movement within Christianity in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

The experience and manifestation of the Holy Spirit's presence in the lives of believers.

Answer

The study of Scripture

Answer

The pursuit of social justice

Answer

The renewal of worship practices

Question 23

What was a major challenge confronting the Anglican Communion in the early 21st century?

Accepted Answer

Deep theological disagreements over issues related to homosexuality, leading to tensions and divisions within the Communion.

Answer

The decline in church attendance

Answer

The rise of Pentecostalism