19th Century Education Reforms: A Comprehensive Guide for History of Education Students

Question 1

The development of which teaching method emphasized the use of object lessons and sensory experiences?

Accepted Answer

The Object Lesson Method

Answer

The Monitorial System

Answer

The Socratic Method

Answer

The Herbartian Method

Question 2

The introduction of which curriculum subject in 1870 reflected the growing emphasis on preparing students for the demands of the industrial workforce?

Accepted Answer

Science

Answer

Mathematics

Answer

History

Answer

Geography

Question 3

The establishment of which institution in 1839 marked a significant step towards the professionalization of teaching in the UK?

Accepted Answer

The College of Preceptors

Answer

The National Union of Teachers

Answer

The British Educational Association

Answer

The Teachers' Guild

Question 4

The pupil-teacher system primarily aimed to:

Accepted Answer

Train aspiring teachers through practical experience and mentorship.

Answer

Evaluate the competency of existing teachers through assessments.

Answer

Provide specialized training for teachers in specific subject areas.

Answer

Facilitate collaboration and knowledge sharing among teachers from different schools.

Question 5

Grammar schools were primarily established to:

Accepted Answer

Provide secondary education for students preparing for higher education or professional careers

Answer

Train teachers for elementary schools

Answer

Offer vocational training in practical skills

Answer

Cater to the educational needs of students with disabilities

Question 6

Which educational reformer advocated for a pedagogical approach that prioritized the interests and perspectives of children?

Accepted Answer

Friedrich Froebel

Answer

Matthew Arnold

Answer

Robert Lowe

Answer

James Kay-Shuttleworth

Question 7

Which of the following was NOT an argument put forward in support of compulsory education?

Accepted Answer

Indoctrinating students with specific religious or ideological beliefs

Answer

Reducing illiteracy and improving the workforce

Answer

Promoting social mobility and reducing inequality

Answer

Ensuring all citizens had access to education, regardless of background

Question 8

Which fundamental principle guided the establishment of the National Education System in England and Wales during the 19th century?

Accepted Answer

Free and compulsory education for all children

Answer

Adherence to religious instruction as the primary focus of education

Answer

Emphasis on a classical curriculum centered on Latin and Greek

Answer

Local control over educational matters without state involvement

Question 9

Which social and economic factor played a major role in expanding access to education during the 19th century?

Accepted Answer

Rapid industrialization and urbanization leading to increased demand for skilled labor

Answer

Increased literacy rates among the general population

Answer

Government funding allocated specifically for education

Answer

Philanthropic efforts by wealthy individuals and organizations

Question 10

What was the primary objective of the Revised Code of 1861 in England and Wales?

Accepted Answer

To increase government oversight and control of educational practices

Answer

To enhance the quality of teaching and instruction in schools

Answer

To reduce the financial burden of education on local authorities

Answer

To expand access to higher education opportunities

Question 11

Which provision was NOT included in the Elementary Education Act of 1870?

Accepted Answer

Introduction of a standardized national curriculum for all elementary schools

Answer

Establishment of locally elected School Boards responsible for education

Answer

Compulsory education for children between the ages of 5 and 13

Answer

Free education for all children regardless of their socioeconomic background

Question 12

What was the primary goal of the Forster Act of 1870 in England and Wales?

Accepted Answer

To establish a comprehensive national system of elementary education

Answer

To provide financial support to voluntary schools operated by religious organizations

Answer

To improve the training and qualifications of teachers in the education system

Answer

To reduce the number of students in each classroom to improve teaching effectiveness

Question 13

Who is generally credited with establishing the first teacher training college in the UK?

Accepted Answer

David Stow

Answer

Robert Owen

Answer

James Kay-Shuttleworth

Answer

Matthew Arnold

Question 14

Which of the following was NOT a key element of the Revised Code of 1861?

Accepted Answer

Compulsory attendance

Answer

Payment by results

Answer

State inspection

Answer

Teacher certification

Question 15

Who authored the influential report on British education in the 1860s?

Accepted Answer

Matthew Arnold

Answer

James Kay-Shuttleworth

Answer

Robert Lowe

Answer

Thomas Huxley

Question 16

How did the rise of the 'welfare state' in the 20th century affect education?

Accepted Answer

It broadened educational opportunities for all

Answer

It diminished the significance of education

Answer

It had little impact on education

Answer

It intensified the focus on academic attainment

Question 17

In the 19th century UK, what factor did NOT significantly contribute to educational reform?

Accepted Answer

Economic decline

Answer

Population growth

Answer

Industrialization

Answer

Growing international competition

Question 18

The Revised Code of 1861 introduced which payment system for teachers in England and Wales?

Accepted Answer

Payment by results

Answer

Headteacher-controlled salary

Answer

Performance-based stipend

Answer

Fixed salary

Question 19

A major aim of the National Education League was to:

Accepted Answer

Establish a system of free, compulsory education

Answer

Develop a standardized national curriculum

Answer

Introduce regular standardized testing

Answer

Establish teacher training colleges

Question 20

The 1870 Elementary Education Act is significant because it made:

Accepted Answer

Elementary education compulsory for children aged 5-13 in England and Wales

Answer

All teachers certified

Answer

Education free for all children

Answer

A national curriculum compulsory

Question 21

A central idea influencing the development of teacher training in the 19th century UK was the concept of:

Accepted Answer

Professionalization

Answer

Centralization

Answer

Specialization

Answer

Standardization

Question 22

In the 19th century, the number of which type of educational institution saw a significant expansion?

Accepted Answer

Secondary schools

Answer

Universities

Answer

Primary schools

Answer

Colleges of further education