Master Fluid Momentum Conservation: Online Quizzes and Practice

Question 1

Which of the following statements accurately describes the momentum equation for a fluid flow?

Accepted Answer

Momentum is conserved in the flow direction, assuming no external forces act on the fluid.

Answer

Mass flow rate remains constant throughout the system.

Answer

Velocity is uniform across the entire system.

Answer

Pressure is uniform throughout the system.

Question 2

Which of the following assumptions is essential for deriving the momentum equation for an inviscid fluid?

Accepted Answer

Shear stresses acting on the fluid are negligible.

Answer

Fluid density remains constant.

Answer

Velocity is irrotational.

Answer

Flow is steady.

Question 3

Which of the following flow regimes exhibits a parabolic velocity profile?

Accepted Answer

Poiseuille flow

Answer

Laminar flow

Answer

Turbulent flow

Answer

Couette flow

Question 4

The Reynolds number is a dimensionless parameter that represents the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

Inertial forces to viscous forces

Answer

Viscous forces to inertial forces

Answer

Pressure forces to viscous forces

Answer

Gravity forces to viscous forces

Question 5

In a fluid flow system, the total head is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The sum of pressure head, velocity head, and potential head

Answer

The difference between pressure head and velocity head

Answer

The ratio of pressure head to velocity head

Answer

The product of pressure head and velocity head

Question 6

Which of the following assumptions is made in the derivation of the momentum equation for an incompressible flow?

Accepted Answer

The density of the fluid is constant

Answer

The flow is steady and three-dimensional

Answer

The flow is unsteady and two-dimensional

Answer

The viscosity of the fluid is negligible

Question 7

What is the boundary condition for velocity at a solid wall?

Accepted Answer

Velocity is zero

Answer

Velocity is maximum

Answer

Velocity is minimum

Answer

Velocity is constant

Question 8

What is the significance of the Reynolds number in fluid mechanics?

Accepted Answer

It is a dimensionless parameter that characterizes the flow regime

Answer

It is a measure of the fluid's viscosity

Answer

It is a measure of the fluid's density

Answer

It is a measure of the fluid's pressure

Question 9

What is the relationship between the pressure gradient and the velocity gradient in a fluid flow?

Accepted Answer

The pressure gradient is proportional to the velocity gradient

Answer

The pressure gradient is inversely proportional to the velocity gradient

Answer

The pressure gradient is equal to the velocity gradient

Answer

The pressure gradient is not related to the velocity gradient

Question 10

What is the significance of the continuity equation in the derivation of the momentum equation?

Accepted Answer

It provides a constraint on the velocity field

Answer

It provides a relationship between the pressure and velocity

Answer

It provides a measure of the fluid's mass flow rate

Answer

It is not significant in the derivation of the momentum equation

Question 11

What is the significance of the boundary conditions in solving fluid flow problems using the momentum equation?

Accepted Answer

They define the velocity and pressure at the boundaries of the flow domain.

Answer

They ensure that the momentum equation is satisfied throughout the flow domain.

Answer

They provide information about the external forces acting on the fluid.

Answer

They allow us to determine the flow rate and pressure drop in the system.

Question 12

Which of the following techniques is used to solve fluid flow problems involving complex geometries?

Accepted Answer

Numerical methods

Answer

Analytical methods

Answer

Experimental methods

Answer

Theoretical methods

Question 13

The momentum per unit area of a fluid flow is termed:

Accepted Answer

Shear stress

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Viscosity

Question 14

Which of the following equations governs the conservation of linear momentum for an incompressible, inviscid fluid?

Accepted Answer

Euler's equation

Answer

Bernoulli's equation

Answer

Navier-Stokes equations

Answer

Reynold's transport theorem

Question 15

The momentum equation for a control volume is primarily derived using:

Accepted Answer

Newton's second law of motion

Answer

Conservation of mass

Answer

Conservation of energy

Answer

Thermodynamics principles

Question 16

In a pipe flow with a constant pressure gradient, the expression for the velocity profile is:

Accepted Answer

$$u(r) = rac{(R^2 - r^2)}{4mu L}left(rac{dp}{dx}ight)$$

Answer

$$u(r) = rac{(R - r)}{2mu L}left(rac{dp}{dx}ight)$$

Answer

$$u(r) = rac{(R + r)}{2mu L}left(rac{dp}{dx}ight)$$

Answer

$$u(r) = rac{(R^2 - r)}{2mu L}left(rac{dp}{dx}ight)$$

Question 17

The concept of impulse-momentum is primarily used to analyze:

Accepted Answer

Unsteady flows

Answer

Steady flows

Answer

Rotational flows

Answer

Irrotational flows

Question 18

The momentum flux vector is defined as:

Accepted Answer

$$\rho (ui + vj + wk)$$

Answer

$$\rho u$$

Answer

$$\rho (u^2 + v^2 + w^2) \hat{i}$$

Answer

$$\rho u(i + j + k)$$

Question 19

The momentum thickness for a boundary layer is defined as:

Accepted Answer

$$\int_0^\delta \frac{u}{U}(\delta - y) dy$$

Answer

$$\int_0^\delta \frac{u}{U}(y - \delta) dy$$

Answer

$$\int_0^\delta \frac{v}{U}(\delta - y) dy$$

Answer

$$\int_0^\delta \frac{v}{U}(y - \delta) dy$$

Question 20

In a convergent-divergent nozzle, the velocity of the fluid at the throat is:

Accepted Answer

Sonic velocity

Answer

Supersonic velocity

Answer

Subsonic velocity

Answer

Stagnant velocity

Question 21

The drag force acting on a sphere in a fluid flow is primarily proportional to:

Accepted Answer

Diameter squared

Answer

Diameter

Answer

Diameter to the power of 1/2

Answer

Diameter cubed

Question 22

The lift force acting on an airfoil is primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces

Answer

Friction between the airfoil and the fluid

Answer

Gravity acting on the airfoil

Question 23

The Reynolds number is a dimensionless parameter used to characterize:

Accepted Answer

The relative significance of inertial and viscous forces in fluid flow

Answer

The temperature of the fluid

Answer

The shape of the flow field

Question 24

The boundary layer that develops on a flat plate is characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A thin layer of fluid near the surface where viscous effects are dominant

Answer

A region of flow where pressure is constant

Answer

A layer of fluid where velocity is zero

Question 25

The displacement thickness of a boundary layer represents:

Accepted Answer

The distance the boundary layer displaces the outer flow

Answer

The thickness of the boundary layer where velocity is zero

Answer

The thickness of the boundary layer where velocity is 99% of the free-stream velocity