Cell Biology Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Cells

Question 1

Which feature is unique to eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Presence of ribosomes

Answer

Enclosed by a cell membrane

Answer

Can have plasmids

Question 2

Which statement best illustrates the significance of cell division in the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Cells originate from existing cells, ensuring life's continuity.

Answer

Cells are the fundamental units of life.

Answer

Cells share a common structure.

Answer

Living organisms consist of cells.

Question 3

Which scientist did NOT play a direct role in the initial development of the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur

Answer

Matthias Schleiden

Answer

Theodor Schwann

Answer

Rudolf Virchow

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Producing proteins and enzymes

Answer

Regulating the movement of substances across the membrane

Answer

Maintaining the cell's shape and structure

Answer

Facilitating communication between cells

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Protein modification and packaging

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Ribosome synthesis

Answer

ATP generation

Question 6

Which characteristic is unique to prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Absence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Absence of ribosomes

Answer

Smaller size compared to eukaryotic cells

Question 7

In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is responsible for producing ribosomes and enabling protein synthesis in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

The cell membrane allows water molecules to pass through. Which of the following describes this property?

Accepted Answer

Permeable

Answer

Impermeable

Answer

Partially permeable

Answer

Impermeable to polar molecules

Question 9

What feature uniquely distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan cell wall

Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Lack of ribosomes

Answer

Smaller cell size

Question 10

What feature distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Cell wall

Question 11

Which cell division process creates two or more genetically identical cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Fragmentation

Question 12

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall made of peptidoglycan

Answer

Membrane-bound nucleus

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Answer

Regulating the passage of molecules across the cell

Answer

Protecting the cell from its external environment

Answer

Providing structural support and shape to the cell

Question 14

What feature exclusively distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Enclosed nucleus with a nuclear membrane

Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Defined cytoskeleton

Answer

Phagocytosis capability

Question 15

Within eukaryotic cells, which organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Nucleus

Question 16

What is a unique feature of eukaryotic cells that is absent in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear membrane

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Cell wall

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a major component of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)

Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Proteins

Question 18

Which feature is a defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Absence of a nucleus

Answer

Presence of a cell wall

Answer

Presence of ribosomes

Answer

Presence of a plasma membrane

Question 19

According to the cell theory, all living organisms are made up of cells and new cells come from existing cells. Which of the following does NOT follow this principle?

Accepted Answer

Viruses

Answer

Bacteria

Answer

Protozoa

Answer

Fungi

Question 20

What is the correct order of phases in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

G1, S, G2, M

Answer

G1, M, S, G2

Answer

M, G1, S, G2

Question 21

What cellular structure is the primary site of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 22

Which sequence correctly represents the stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

G1, S, G2, M

Answer

S, G2, G1, M

Answer

M, G1, S, G2

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Transporting genetic information within the cell

Answer

Regulating the movement of molecules across the cell boundary

Answer

Providing structural support and protection to the cell

Question 24

What is a defining characteristic of stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialized cells

Answer

Limited capacity for division and differentiation

Answer

Highly specialized and dedicated to specific functions

Answer

Short-lived with a restricted lifespan

Question 25

Which feature is unique to eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

DNA located in the nucleoid region

Answer

Cell division by binary fission

Question 26

Which feature is exclusive to prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasmid

Answer

Membrane-bound nucleus

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 27

Which cell component is responsible for converting external signals into responses within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane receptors

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Question 28

What is a defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, such as a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have them.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have ribosomes, while eukaryotic cells do not.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have a cytoskeleton, while eukaryotic cells do not.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are typically larger than eukaryotic cells.

Question 29

Which process results in a cell dividing into two identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 30

Which of these processes is **NOT** a primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Detoxification

Question 31

In cell biology, which technique is commonly used to study the structure and function of cells at the microscopic level?

Accepted Answer

Microscopy

Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a primary mechanism of cell signaling?

Accepted Answer

Passive diffusion

Answer

Autocrine signaling

Answer

Paracrine signaling

Answer

Endocrine signaling

Question 33

Which sequence correctly lists the key stages of mitosis in order?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Answer

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase

Answer

Metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Answer

Prophase, metaphase, interphase, telophase

Question 34

Genetic engineering and gene editing technologies have advanced rapidly, raising ethical and societal concerns. Which of the following best addresses these concerns?

Accepted Answer

Ethical guidelines and regulations should be developed to guide the use of genetic engineering and gene editing technologies.

Answer

Genetic engineering and gene editing technologies pose no ethical or societal concerns.

Answer

Genetic engineering and gene editing technologies should be used without restrictions.

Answer

Genetic engineering and gene editing technologies should only be used for medical purposes.

Question 35

Describe the importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its diverse interactions with the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

The ECM provides structural support to cells and tissues, maintaining their shape and integrity.

Accepted Answer

The ECM is involved in cell signaling, transmitting signals from the external environment to the cell's interior.

Accepted Answer

The ECM regulates cell-cell interactions, facilitating the formation of tissues and organs.

Question 36

How does cell differentiation contribute to the development of specialized tissues and organs in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Cell differentiation is driven by changes in gene expression, influenced by environmental cues and intercellular signaling.

Answer

Cell differentiation is a random process that occurs without external influences.

Answer

Cell differentiation only occurs during embryonic development.

Answer

Cell differentiation results in the formation of stem cells, which can differentiate into any type of cell in the body.

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a category of cell signaling molecules?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies

Answer

Hormones

Answer

Neurotransmitters

Answer

Cytokines

Question 38

Which part of the cell acts as a semi-permeable barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Question 39

The primary function of the cytoskeleton is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide support and shape

Answer

Store genetic material

Answer

Transport materials

Answer

Divide cells

Question 40

Which phase of the cell cycle includes DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 41

Which type of cell division results in daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 42

Electron microscopy is a technique used to:

Accepted Answer

Study the detailed structure of cells

Answer

Separate different cell components

Answer

Grow cells in a controlled environment

Answer

Visualise the behaviour of living cells

Question 43

The significance of stem cells in regenerative medicine lies in their ability to:

Accepted Answer

Differentiate into various cell types

Answer

Resist destruction by the immune system

Answer

Live indefinitely

Answer

Be easily harvested

Question 44

Which characteristic is NOT associated with prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

May exist as multicellular organisms

Answer

Lack a membrane-bound nucleus

Answer

Possess circular DNA

Answer

Have ribosomes

Question 45

Which of the following is a primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a selective barrier, regulating the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Answer

It provides structural support to the cell.

Answer

It carries out photosynthesis by trapping sunlight.

Answer

It synthesizes proteins necessary for cell function.

Question 46

What is the name of the intricate network of protein filaments that helps to organize and maintain the shape of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Cytoskeleton

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Plasma membrane

Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 47

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell experience rapid growth and DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 48

Which type of cell division results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells, each with half the genetic material of the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 49

Which type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP and involves the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 50

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a cell wall

Answer

Presence of a membrane-bound nucleus

Answer

Absence of ribosomes

Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 51

Which microscopy technique allows scientists to observe live cellular processes as they occur, deepening our understanding of cell biology?

Accepted Answer

Live-Cell Imaging

Answer

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Answer

Confocal Microscopy

Question 52

What is the primary role of transcription factors in regulating gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Initiating transcription by binding to specific DNA sequences

Answer

Facilitating DNA replication

Answer

Modifying DNA structure to reveal coding regions

Answer

Translating mRNA into proteins

Question 53

How does apoptosis contribute to tissue health and prevent diseases like cancer?

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis removes damaged cells, preventing harmful mutations and tumor formation.

Answer

Apoptosis stimulates cell growth for tissue repair.

Answer

Apoptosis does not play a role in preventing diseases like cancer.

Question 54

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Package and modify proteins and lipids

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Generate ATP

Answer

Break down carbohydrates

Question 55

Which component is NOT part of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Microtubules

Answer

Microfilaments

Answer

Intermediate filaments

Question 56

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulate molecular movement into and out of the cell

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Store genetic information

Answer

Generate energy

Question 57

What is the name of the process by which cells divide?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Karyokinesis

Question 58

Which type of cell division results in the production of haploid cells?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 59

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in cells?

Accepted Answer

Modifies and sorts proteins

Answer

Synthesizes lipids

Answer

Degrades cellular waste

Answer

Generates energy

Question 60

Which organelle is responsible for ribosome synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 61

Identify the cell cycle stage where DNA duplication occurs.

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 62

Which cell membrane component is responsible for recognising and binding to specific molecules?

Accepted Answer

Glycoproteins

Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Peripheral proteins

Question 63

Identify the process that converts chemical energy into ATP.

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 64

Which component of the cell wall provides rigidity and strength?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Answer

Starch

Answer

Chitin

Answer

Pectin