Plant Physiology Quizzes: Master Plant Science Concepts

Question 1

The pigment responsible for capturing the most light energy in photosynthesis is:

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Answer

Chlorophyll b

Answer

Carotenoids

Answer

Phycobilins

Question 2

The movement of water from the roots to the leaves through xylem vessels is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cohesion-tension theory

Answer

Capillary action

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Water potential gradient

Question 3

The primary site of photosynthesis in leaves is the:

Accepted Answer

Mesophyll

Answer

Epidermis

Answer

Vascular bundles

Answer

Stomata

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic adaptation of plants to drought conditions?

Accepted Answer

Thick, waxy cuticles

Answer

Large, thin leaves

Answer

Shallow root systems

Answer

High stomatal density

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a non-vascular plant?

Accepted Answer

Moss

Answer

Fern

Answer

Pine tree

Answer

Sunflower

Question 6

Stomata are controlled by specialized cells called:

Accepted Answer

Guard cells

Answer

Epidermal cells

Answer

Mesophyll cells

Answer

Xylem cells

Question 7

Which of the following functions are associated with the root system in plants, EXCEPT for:

Accepted Answer

Carrying out the process of photosynthesis

Answer

Anchoring the plant firmly in the ground

Answer

Efficiently absorbing water and essential nutrients from the soil

Answer

Storing significant quantities of nutrients and food reserves

Question 8

Which of the following plant hormones plays a crucial role in promoting stem elongation specifically?

Accepted Answer

Gibberellin

Answer

Auxin

Answer

Cytokinin

Answer

Abscisic acid

Question 9

Which part of a flower is responsible for producing pollen and is considered the male reproductive organ?

Accepted Answer

Stamen

Answer

Pistil

Answer

Ovule

Answer

Petal

Question 10

The term used to describe a plant's response to light stimuli is:

Accepted Answer

Phototropism

Answer

Geotropism

Answer

Thigmotropism

Answer

Hydrotropism

Question 11

Identify the type of plant growth that involves the formation of new tissues outside the primary vascular tissues:

Accepted Answer

Secondary cortex

Answer

Primary xylem

Answer

Primary phloem

Answer

Primary pith

Question 12

Which process is responsible for the upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the various parts of the plant?

Accepted Answer

Xylem transport

Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 13

The process by which water moves from the soil into the root against a concentration gradient is known as:

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Capillary action

Question 14

Which of the following is the primary site of photosynthesis in a plant?

Accepted Answer

Leaf

Answer

Root

Answer

Stem

Answer

Flower

Question 15

The vascular tissue responsible for transporting sugars and nutrients throughout the plant is:

Accepted Answer

Phloem

Answer

Xylem

Answer

Parenchyma

Answer

Collenchyma

Question 16

The process by which plants respond to touch is called:

Accepted Answer

Thigmotropism

Answer

Photoperiodism

Answer

Phototropism

Answer

Geotropism

Question 17

The male reproductive structure of a flowering plant is the:

Accepted Answer

Stamen

Answer

Pistil

Answer

Ovule

Answer

Pollen

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the root system in plants?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesizing

Answer

Anchoring the plant in the soil

Answer

Absorbing water and nutrients

Answer

Storing carbohydrates

Question 19

The process by which plants release water vapor to the atmosphere is known as:

Accepted Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Guttation

Question 20

The plant tissue responsible for the transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant body is the:

Accepted Answer

Xylem

Answer

Phloem

Answer

Epidermis

Answer

Cuticle

Question 21

Which of the following plant hormones is primarily responsible for promoting cell division and elongation?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinin

Answer

Auxin

Answer

Gibberellin

Answer

Abscisic acid

Question 22

The primary site of photosynthesis in plants is the:

Accepted Answer

Leaf

Answer

Root

Answer

Stem

Answer

Flower

Question 23

Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for promoting cell division and growth?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinin

Answer

Auxin

Answer

Gibberellin

Answer

Abscisic acid

Question 24

The stomata are primarily involved in:

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Water absorption

Answer

Nutrient transport

Answer

Hormone production

Question 25

Which of the following cell types is responsible for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant?

Accepted Answer

Xylem

Answer

Parenchyma

Answer

Collenchyma

Answer

Sclerenchyma

Question 26

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Guttation

Question 27

The process by which water evaporates from plant leaves and is released into the atmosphere is called:

Accepted Answer

Transpiration

Answer

Guttation

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Question 28

What is the primary function of guard cells in leaves?

Accepted Answer

Regulating gas exchange through stomata

Answer

Transporting water and nutrients

Answer

Producing food reserves

Answer

Providing structural support for the leaf

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a major function of the root system in plants?

Accepted Answer

Producing chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Answer

Absorbing water and nutrients

Answer

Storing energy reserves

Answer

Anchoring the plant

Question 30

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of C4 plants?

Accepted Answer

Spatial separation of initial CO2 fixation and the Calvin cycle

Answer

Absence of chlorophyll a

Answer

Lack of photorespiration

Answer

Low water-use efficiency

Question 31

What is the primary role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy and reducing power for CO2 fixation

Answer

Storing carbon dioxide

Answer

Producing oxygen

Answer

Regenerating ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP)

Question 32

What is the main function of the phloem in plants?

Accepted Answer

Translocating sugars and other organic solutes

Answer

Transporting water and minerals

Answer

Storing food reserves

Answer

Providing structural support

Question 33

Which of the following is a type of secondary meristem?

Accepted Answer

Cork cambium

Answer

Apical meristem

Answer

Lateral meristem

Answer

Intercalary meristem

Question 34

What is the primary role of abscisic acid in plants?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting growth and promoting seed dormancy

Answer

Promoting cell division and elongation

Answer

Regulating water loss

Answer

Stimulating fruit ripening