Gender and Inequality: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions

Question 1

Which theory argues that gender roles are socially constructed and vary across cultures, as observed in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Gender socialization theory

Answer

Structural functionalism

Answer

Biological determinism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Question 2

What is the term for the systematic discrimination against women in the workplace, commonly seen in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Sexism

Answer

Racism

Answer

Classism

Answer

Ageism

Question 3

Define the concept of intersectionality, considering its relevance to gender inequality in the United Kingdom.

Accepted Answer

The idea that different forms of oppression can overlap and intersect, influencing experiences of gender inequality

Answer

The idea that all forms of oppression are equal and have the same impact

Answer

The idea that women are inherently inferior to men and experience more oppression

Answer

The idea that society is divided into two distinct genders and experiences of oppression are based solely on this binary

Question 4

Define the gender wage gap, considering its significance in the United Kingdom.

Accepted Answer

The difference in average earnings between men and women, indicating disparities in pay for similar work

Answer

The difference in average hours worked between men and women, suggesting unequal distribution of paid and unpaid labor

Answer

The difference in average education levels between men and women, implying unequal access to educational opportunities

Answer

The difference in average career opportunities between men and women, highlighting barriers to career advancement and leadership roles

Question 5

Which of the following is not a defining characteristic of gender inequality?

Accepted Answer

Biological differences between men and women

Answer

Unequal access to education, employment, and healthcare

Answer

Differentiated treatment based on gender roles and stereotypes

Answer

Pervasiveness in multiple social institutions and contexts

Question 6

What is a limitation of intersectionality as a theory of inequality?

Accepted Answer

It can be difficult to operationalize and measure in research

Answer

It may overemphasize the experiences of women and neglect other marginalized groups

Answer

It assumes that all forms of inequality are equally important

Answer

It is based on assumptions that are impossible to prove

Question 7

The concept of 'doing gender' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The social performance of gender roles that shapes our identities

Answer

The process by which we learn about and adopt gender norms

Answer

The biological and physical differences between men and women

Answer

The legal rights and responsibilities associated with gender

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a widely recognized cause of gender inequality?

Accepted Answer

Biological differences

Answer

Socialization

Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Lack of access to education

Question 9

What is the term for the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities between men and women in society?

Accepted Answer

Gender stratification

Answer

Gender discrimination

Answer

Gender socialization

Answer

Gender roles

Question 10

What is the primary goal of an intersectional approach to understanding gender inequality?

Accepted Answer

To consider multiple forms of oppression that affect individuals

Answer

To study gender inequality in isolation from other social factors

Answer

To prioritize economic factors over social factors

Answer

To ignore the role of patriarchy

Question 11

What is the main difference between gender roles and gender identity?

Accepted Answer

Gender roles are socially defined, while gender identity is personal

Answer

Gender identity is socially defined, while gender roles are personal

Answer

Gender roles and gender identity are the same thing

Answer

Neither of the above

Question 12

Which of the following theories of gender inequality emphasizes the role of power and dominance as the primary cause?

Accepted Answer

Radical feminism

Answer

Liberal feminism

Answer

Marxist feminism

Answer

Socialist feminism

Question 13

What is the term for the belief that women are inherently inferior to men?

Accepted Answer

Misogyny

Answer

Sexism

Answer

Patriarchy

Answer

Gender bias

Question 14

What is the term that refers to the unequal distribution of power, resources, and opportunities between men and women?

Accepted Answer

Gender inequality

Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Economic disparity

Answer

Occupational segregation

Question 15

What is the primary objective of intersectionality as a theoretical framework?

Accepted Answer

To examine how different forms of oppression intersect and shape individual experiences

Answer

To analyze the circumstances of marginalized populations

Answer

To advocate for gender equality

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of gender inequality?

Accepted Answer

Increased economic productivity

Answer

Reduced educational attainment for girls

Answer

Lower life expectancy for women

Question 17

What is the primary goal of affirmative action policies?

Accepted Answer

To enhance the representation of marginalized groups in education and employment

Answer

To ensure equal compensation for comparable work

Answer

To eradicate all forms of discrimination

Question 18

What does the term 'glass ceiling' refer to?

Accepted Answer

An intangible barrier that limits women's advancement to higher-level positions

Answer

A cultural barrier that undermines women's respect in the workplace

Answer

A physical barrier that prevents women from entering certain professions

Question 19

Which of the following is a critique of the 'separate spheres' ideology?

Accepted Answer

It perpetuates gender stereotypes and limits women's opportunities

Answer

It is antiquated and no longer relevant

Answer

It promotes gender equality

Question 20

What is the primary aim of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5?

Accepted Answer

To attain gender equality and empower all women and girls

Answer

To eliminate poverty

Answer

To promote health and well-being

Question 21

What term describes the ongoing process by which individuals learn about and internalize gender roles, norms, and expectations within their culture?

Accepted Answer

Gender socialization

Answer

Gender equality

Answer

Gender stratification

Answer

Gender discrimination

Question 22

Which of the following is a commonly observed consequence of persistent gender inequality?

Accepted Answer

Lower earnings for women compared to men in similar roles.

Answer

Improved health outcomes for women.

Answer

Greater political representation for women.

Answer

Increased educational opportunities for men.

Question 23

Which of the following represents a strategic approach to mitigating gender inequality by promoting awareness and challenging existing norms?

Accepted Answer

Educating individuals about gender equality, fostering critical thinking and challenging gender stereotypes.

Answer

Changing gender roles in the workplace.

Answer

Providing financial assistance to women.

Answer

Enacting laws against gender discrimination.

Question 24

What term describes the belief that one sex is inherently superior to the other, often leading to prejudice and discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Sexism

Answer

Ageism

Answer

Classism

Answer

Racism

Question 25

Which of the following exemplifies a form of gender discrimination, often hindering women's access to opportunities and advancement?

Accepted Answer

Denying women access to education or specific fields of study based on their gender.

Answer

Promoting women to leadership positions.

Answer

Encouraging women to participate in politics.

Answer

Providing women with equal pay for equal work.

Question 26

Which United Nations treaty, ratified by many countries, aims to eliminate discrimination against women in all areas of life, promoting their full and equal participation in society?

Accepted Answer

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Answer

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Answer

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

Question 27

Which of the following poses a significant challenge to achieving true gender equality, often perpetuating traditional gender roles and limiting opportunities?

Accepted Answer

Persistent gender stereotypes, deeply ingrained in societal norms and expectations.

Answer

Lack of political will, a factor influencing policy implementation and societal change.

Answer

Cultural resistance, a manifestation of resistance to social change and progress towards gender equality.

Answer

Economic inequality, a broader societal challenge with implications for gender equality.

Question 28

What term describes a comprehensive approach to integrating gender perspectives into all policies and programs, aiming to create a more just and equitable society for all genders?

Accepted Answer

Gender mainstreaming

Answer

Gender impact assessment

Answer

Gender equality auditing

Answer

Gender budgeting