Social Movements: Causes, Consequences, and Dynamics of Social Change

Question 1

Which critique accurately reflects a limitation of framing theory in explaining social movements?

Accepted Answer

It neglects the significance of structural factors in movement success.

Answer

It overemphasizes the role of language in shaping movement outcomes.

Answer

It fails to consider the influence of individual agency in framing processes.

Answer

It disregards the diversity of movement frames.

Question 2

Which theory posits that the availability of resources is a crucial factor in the emergence and success of social movements?

Accepted Answer

Resource mobilization theory

Answer

New social movement theory

Answer

Political process theory

Answer

Frame alignment theory

Question 3

Explain the concept of 'political opportunity structure' in the context of social movements:

Accepted Answer

The level of openness or receptiveness of the political system to social movement demands

Answer

The degree to which social movements have access to resources and support within the political system

Answer

The presence of allies and supporters within government and other institutions

Answer

The capacity of social movements to influence policy outcomes and decision-making

Question 4

Define the key characteristic of social movements.

Accepted Answer

Collective action to achieve specific goals

Answer

Exclusive focus on economic interests

Answer

Led by a single charismatic figure

Answer

Always successful in achieving their objectives

Question 5

Explain the concept of 'framing' in relation to social movements.

Accepted Answer

The way social movements present their issues to the public

Answer

The process of recruiting new members

Answer

The use of social media to mobilize people

Answer

The negotiation of demands with policymakers

Question 6

Explain the relationship between social movements and social change.

Accepted Answer

Social movements can be both a cause and a consequence of social change

Answer

Social movements always lead to positive social change

Answer

Social movements have no significant impact on social change

Answer

Social change always precedes social movements

Question 7

Which theory of social movements emphasizes the role of perceived injustice and deprivation?

Accepted Answer

Strain Theory

Answer

Resource Mobilization Theory

Answer

Political Process Theory

Answer

New Social Movement Theory

Question 8

The concept of 'political opportunity structure' refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Political and institutional context that enables or constrains social movements

Answer

Level of social inequality and poverty in a society

Answer

Role of social media in mobilizing support for social movements

Answer

Extent of government repression of social movements

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a resource mobilization strategy used by social movements?

Accepted Answer

Fundraising and building financial support

Answer

Lobbying politicians and policymakers

Answer

Organizing protests and demonstrations

Answer

Creating and distributing educational materials

Question 10

According to Political Process Theory, what is a crucial factor in determining the success of a social movement?

Accepted Answer

The availability of political opportunities

Answer

The level of social inequality

Answer

The size of the movement

Answer

The charisma of the movement's leader

Question 11

In the context of social movements, what is the concept of 'framing'?

Accepted Answer

The process of defining a social issue in a manner that appeals to potential supporters

Answer

The process of gaining media attention for a social movement

Answer

The process of organizing protests and demonstrations

Answer

The process of negotiating with political elites

Question 12

Which approach is most effective in promoting successful collaboration between social movement organizations and established political institutions?

Accepted Answer

Open dialogue and negotiation

Answer

Confrontational protests and demonstrations

Answer

Legal action and litigation

Answer

Avoidance and isolation

Question 13

In what ways has globalization impacted social movement strategies and their effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

Globalization has facilitated new movement strategies through transnational networks and communication technologies.

Answer

Globalization has diminished the effectiveness of social movements due to heightened government surveillance.

Answer

In a globalized world, social movements are less effective due to increased state repression.

Answer

Globalization has had a negligible impact on social movements.

Question 14

Analyze the impact of charismatic and collective leadership styles on the effectiveness of social movements at different stages of their development.

Accepted Answer

Charismatic leadership is most effective in the early stages of movement formation, fostering enthusiasm and attracting followers.

Accepted Answer

Collective leadership is more appropriate for later stages of movement development, ensuring inclusivity and consensus-building.

Answer

Charismatic leadership is consistently more effective than collective leadership in achieving social movement goals.

Answer

Collective leadership always leads to decision-making gridlock and hinders movement effectiveness.

Question 15

Define 'collective identity' and explain its importance in understanding social movement dynamics.

Accepted Answer

Collective identity refers to the shared sense of belonging and common characteristics among members of a social movement.

Answer

Collective identity is the personal psychological experiences of individuals involved in social movements.

Answer

Collective identity is not a significant factor in understanding social movement dynamics.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of social movements?

Accepted Answer

They inevitably achieve their goals.

Answer

They often rally around a shared grievance.

Answer

They employ various tactics like protests and negotiations.

Question 17

According to resource mobilization theory, what is a critical factor contributing to social movement success?

Accepted Answer

Access to resources

Answer

Government suppression

Answer

Overwhelming public support

Answer

Exceptional leadership

Question 18

What is a fundamental objective of social movement organizations?

Accepted Answer

Orchestrating collective action towards social transformation.

Answer

Providing direct aid to individuals in need.

Answer

Conducting research on social issues.

Question 19

How do social protests differ from social movements?

Accepted Answer

Social movements are typically more organized and sustained than social protests.

Answer

Social movements invariably have明确 goals, unlike social protests.

Answer

Social protests are generally more violent than social movements.

Question 20

What is the essence of the social constructionist perspective on social movements?

Accepted Answer

Social movements are shaped and defined by media and influential institutions.

Answer

Social movements arise solely from objective structural factors.

Answer

Social movements are primarily driven by individualistic agency.

Question 21

How does social media influence contemporary social movements?

Accepted Answer

It can enhance mobilization and communication.

Answer

It invariably leads to increased support for social movements.

Answer

It has no significant impact on social movements.