Cell Division: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Medical Students

Question 1

Describe the clinical applications of cell division in the diagnosis and management of cancer.

Accepted Answer

Cancer screening using Pap smears for early detection

Accepted Answer

Radiation therapy as a treatment for leukemia

Accepted Answer

Monitoring tumor response to chemotherapy

Answer

Preventing birth defects by correcting meiotic errors

Question 2

How do cell cycle checkpoints contribute to the accuracy of cell division?

Accepted Answer

They pause cell division if the previous phase is incomplete.

Answer

They are only active during mitosis.

Answer

They only respond to DNA damage.

Answer

They are not essential for normal cell division.

Question 3

In mitosis, during which phase do chromosomes become visible and spindle fibers form?

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 4

Which cellular structure plays a crucial role in organizing and separating chromosomes during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Centrosome

Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 5

What is the fundamental distinction between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Genetic variation of daughter cells

Answer

Number of cell divisions

Answer

Number of daughter cells produced

Answer

Function in the organism

Question 6

In which type of cell does meiosis typically occur?

Accepted Answer

Germ cells

Answer

Somatic cells

Answer

Stem cells

Answer

Muscle cells

Question 7

Which protein is a key regulator of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Cyclin

Answer

Histone

Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Insulin

Question 8

What is the name of the structure that connects daughter cells during cytokinesis in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage furrow

Answer

Metaphase plate

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Chromatid

Question 9

What is the primary function of telomeres at the ends of chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Protecting chromosomes from degradation

Answer

Facilitating chromosome replication

Answer

Preventing cell division

Answer

Repairing damaged DNA

Question 10

Which of the following is **not** a phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Dormancy

Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Telophase

Question 11

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 12

What is the primary role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in cell division?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylating proteins to regulate cell cycle transitions

Answer

Synthesizing DNA

Answer

Building microtubules

Answer

Condensing chromosomes

Question 13

What is the function of centromeres in cell division?

Accepted Answer

They attach chromosomes to microtubules during cell division.

Answer

They contain the genes necessary for protein synthesis.

Answer

They regulate the timing of cell division.

Answer

They prevent chromosomes from crossing over during meiosis.

Question 14

Which of the following is **not** a characteristic of cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Differentiation into specialized cells

Answer

Uncontrolled cell division

Answer

Loss of contact inhibition

Answer

Increased angiogenesis

Question 15

What is the role of telomeres in cell division?

Accepted Answer

They protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation.

Answer

They regulate gene expression.

Answer

They anchor chromosomes to the nuclear envelope.

Answer

They initiate cell division.

Question 16

Which of the following phases is not a part of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Question 17

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

Separation of chromosomes during cell division

Answer

Transportation of materials

Answer

Synthesis of new DNA

Answer

Control of gene expression

Question 18

Which event characterizes prophase I of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosome pairing and recombination

Answer

Nuclear envelope breakdown

Answer

Chromosome condensation

Answer

Sister chromatid separation

Question 19

Which cell cycle checkpoint ensures that chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle before anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Spindle assembly checkpoint

Answer

G1 checkpoint

Answer

G2 checkpoint

Answer

M checkpoint

Question 20

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding DNA during replication?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

Primase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

Polymerase

Question 21

Which of the following is not a recognized type of cell division?

Accepted Answer

Embryonic induction

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Question 22

Name the structure that facilitates the separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.

Accepted Answer

Synaptonemal complex

Answer

Telomere

Answer

Kinetochore

Answer

Centromere