Gene Expression Quizzes: Test Your Understanding of Gene Regulation

Question 1

In gene expression, what is the correct order in which the steps of transcription, translation, and splicing occur?

Accepted Answer

Transcription, translation, splicing

Answer

Translation, transcription, splicing

Answer

Splicing, transcription, translation

Answer

Translation, splicing, transcription

Question 2

Which type of RNA molecule carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

snRNA

Question 3

Which protein binds to specific regions of DNA and initiates transcription?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

Primase

Question 4

Which non-coding RNA molecule is involved in gene silencing?

Accepted Answer

miRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

snRNA

Question 5

Which process ensures the accuracy of genetic information transfer?

Accepted Answer

Proofreading

Answer

Mismatching

Answer

Base excision repair

Answer

Nucleotide addition

Question 6

In gene expression analysis, which technique is commonly used to compare the expression levels of genes between two samples?

Accepted Answer

Microarray analysis

Answer

DNA sequencing

Answer

PCR

Question 7

How does the cell cycle influence gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Specific genes are activated at specific cell cycle checkpoints to ensure orderly progression.

Answer

Gene expression is constant throughout the cell cycle, with all genes being continuously expressed.

Answer

The cell cycle has no impact on gene expression.

Question 8

Which of these processes is NOT a post-transcriptional modification that affects gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation

Answer

Splicing

Answer

Capping

Answer

Polyadenylation

Question 9

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Ligase

Question 10

What is the primary function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

To assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains

Answer

To unwind DNA strands during replication

Answer

To transcribe genetic information into mRNA

Answer

To splice introns out of pre-mRNA

Question 11

Which of the following is the fate of introns after transcription?

Accepted Answer

They are removed from the RNA molecule through splicing.

Answer

They are translated into proteins.

Answer

They regulate gene expression.

Answer

They are essential for protein stability.

Question 12

Which regulatory mechanism operates at the post-transcriptional level?

Accepted Answer

Alternative splicing

Answer

DNA methylation

Answer

Histone acetylation

Answer

Gene amplification

Question 13

Which type of mutation can result in a premature stop codon?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Answer

Silent mutation

Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Question 14

What technique is commonly used to analyze gene expression profiles?

Accepted Answer

Microarray analysis

Answer

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Answer

Southern blotting

Answer

DNA sequencing

Question 15

Which of the following diseases is an example of a genetic disorder caused by a defect in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Haemophilia

Answer

Huntington's disease

Answer

Cancer

Question 16

Which type of non-coding RNA plays a role in regulating gene expression?

Accepted Answer

MicroRNA (miRNA)

Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer

Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Question 17

Which of the following mechanisms allows environmental factors to influence gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Epigenetic modifications

Answer

Gene rearrangements

Answer

DNA damage

Answer

Viral infection

Question 18

In eukaryotes, a typical promoter region includes which key element?

Accepted Answer

TATA box

Answer

AUG start codon

Answer

Shine-Dalgarno sequence

Answer

Polyadenylation signal

Question 19

What component of a primary mRNA transcript is removed during splicing?

Accepted Answer

Introns

Answer

Exons

Answer

Promoter sequences

Answer

Coding sequences

Question 20

Which amino acid is the most commonly found component of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Answer

Arginine

Answer

Tryptophan

Answer

Methionine

Question 21

Which of the following is an example of a post-translational modification?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation

Answer

Intron splicing

Answer

Transcription initiation

Answer

Promoter recognition

Question 22

Enhancer elements in gene regulation bind which molecules to influence transcription?

Accepted Answer

Activator proteins

Answer

Polymerases

Answer

Repressor proteins

Answer

Splicing factors

Question 23

Which technique is commonly employed to analyze global gene expression patterns?

Accepted Answer

Microarray

Answer

Southern blotting

Answer

Western blotting

Answer

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Question 24

What is the term for a mutation that abolishes the functionality of a gene?

Accepted Answer

Loss-of-function mutation

Answer

Gain-of-function mutation

Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

Silent mutation