Genetic Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments - Online Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Heart disease

Question 2

Which diagnostic test is specifically designed to detect chromosomal abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

Karyotyping

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Electrophoresis

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 3

Which of the following is **not** classified as a type of genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Answer

Single-gene disorder

Answer

Chromosomal disorder

Answer

Multifactorial disorder

Question 4

Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities involves an extra copy of chromosome 21?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer

Edwards syndrome

Question 5

Which of the following treatments is **not** used for sickle cell disease?

Accepted Answer

Radiation therapy

Answer

Blood transfusions

Answer

Hydroxyurea

Answer

Stem cell transplant

Question 6

Which of the following principles of genetic counseling emphasizes the client's ability to make their own decisions?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 7

Identify the most prevalent type of chromosomal disorder:

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer

Fragile X syndrome

Question 8

Which factor is NOT considered a risk factor for multifactorial disorders?

Accepted Answer

Point mutations

Answer

Family history

Answer

Environmental exposure

Answer

Advanced maternal age

Question 9

Which approach serves as the primary treatment for most genetic disorders?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle adjustments

Answer

Gene therapy

Answer

Surgery

Answer

Medications

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of genetic counseling?

Accepted Answer

Prescribing medications

Answer

Providing information about genetic disorders

Answer

Evaluating risk of recurrence

Answer

Offering emotional support

Question 11

Which of the following characterizes an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern?

Accepted Answer

Affected individuals inherit at least one copy of the mutated gene

Answer

Unaffected individuals cannot be carriers of the mutated gene

Answer

Males are more frequently affected than females

Answer

The trait is always passed on from parents to children

Question 12

In multifactorial disorders, how do genetic and environmental factors interact to influence the development of the condition?

Accepted Answer

Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of the disorder.

Answer

Genetic factors alone determine the severity of the disorder.

Answer

Environmental factors solely determine whether the disorder develops.

Answer

Genetic factors protect against the development of the disorder, regardless of environmental exposure.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a type of genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Epigenetic disorder

Answer

Single-gene disorder

Answer

Chromosomal disorder

Answer

Multifactorial disorder

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor for developing a genetic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle choices, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and poor diet

Answer

Advanced parental age

Answer

Consanguinity (mating between close relatives)

Answer

Exposure to certain environmental toxins, such as radiation and certain medications

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a feature of autosomal dominant disorders?

Accepted Answer

The disorder is typically milder in females than in males.

Answer

Affected individuals carry one mutant allele.

Answer

Carriers have a 50% chance of passing on the mutant allele to their offspring.

Answer

Males and females are equally likely to be affected.

Question 16

Which of the following chromosomal disorders is most common?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer

XYY syndrome

Question 17

Which genetic test is used to identify carriers of recessive disorders?

Accepted Answer

Carrier screening

Answer

Karyotyping

Answer

Amniocentesis

Answer

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis

Question 18

Which genetic counseling technique is used to illustrate family history patterns?

Accepted Answer

Pedigree analysis

Answer

Punnett squares

Answer

Bayes theorem

Answer

Monte Carlo simulation

Question 19

Which genetic disorder is linked to a mutation in the CFTR gene?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Sickle cell disease

Answer

Huntington's disease

Answer

Tay-Sachs disease

Question 20

Which chromosomal disorder is characterized by distinctive facial features, hypotonia, and intellectual disability?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Edwards syndrome

Answer

Patau syndrome

Question 21

Cystic fibrosis is a single-gene disorder caused by a mutation in which gene?

Accepted Answer

CFTR

Answer

HTT

Answer

BRCA1

Answer

F5

Question 22

Which multifactorial disorder is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, and can lead to neural tube defects?

Accepted Answer

Spina bifida

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder

Answer

Congenital heart defects

Answer

Cleft lip and palate

Question 23

A progressive neurodegenerative genetic disorder characterized by uncontrolled movements, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes is:

Accepted Answer

Huntington's disease

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Question 24

Which genetic testing method is used to identify individuals who carry one copy of a disease-causing allele?

Accepted Answer

Carrier screening

Answer

Genetic counseling

Answer

Gene therapy

Answer

Prenatal diagnosis

Question 25

Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of metabolism caused by a deficiency in the enzyme that breaks down:

Accepted Answer

Phenylalanine

Answer

Tyrosine

Answer

Galactose

Answer

Homocysteine

Question 26

Which genetic counseling technique involves creating a diagram to trace the inheritance of a genetic trait within a family?

Accepted Answer

Pedigree analysis

Answer

DNA sequencing

Answer

Karyotyping

Answer

Biopsy

Question 27

A gene mutation that results in the premature termination of protein synthesis is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

Silent mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Question 28

A chromosomal rearrangement that involves the loss of a segment of a chromosome is called:

Accepted Answer

Deletion

Answer

Duplication

Answer

Inversion

Answer

Translocation

Question 29

Which genetic disorder is characterized by a deficiency in the enzyme that breaks down glycogen in the liver and muscles?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen storage disease

Answer

Tay-Sachs disease

Answer

Gaucher disease

Answer

Niemann-Pick disease