Nervous Tissue Structure and Function Quizzes | Histology | MBBS

Question 1

Which type of glial cell is responsible for myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Question 2

Which characteristic distinguishes sympathetic neurons from parasympathetic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Long axons and small cell bodies

Answer

Short axons and large cell bodies

Answer

Myelinated axons

Answer

Unmyelinated axons

Question 3

Which part of the neuron is responsible for synthesizing and releasing neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

Cell body

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Axon

Answer

Synapse

Question 4

What is the mechanism by which electrical signals are rapidly transmitted along myelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction

Answer

Continuous conduction

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 5

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in reward and motivation?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Serotonin

Question 6

What is the primary role of Cajal cells in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulate the flow of information between neurons

Answer

Provide structural support for neurons

Answer

Produce neurotransmitters

Answer

Remove cellular debris

Question 7

In the central nervous system, which glial cell type is responsible for insulating and protecting neurons?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Schwann cells

Question 8

Which structure serves as the communication junction between two neurons?

Accepted Answer

Synapse

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Axon

Answer

Soma

Question 9

What is the term used to describe the outermost layer of the neuron, which contains voltage-gated ion channels?

Accepted Answer

Axolemma

Answer

Myelin sheath

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Question 10

What is the term for the stable electrical state of a neuron at rest?

Accepted Answer

Resting potential

Answer

Action potential

Answer

Depolarization

Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 11

Which part of the neuron receives and integrates signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Answer

Axon

Answer

Myelin sheath

Answer

Soma

Question 12

What is the name of the electrochemical event that allows neurons to transmit signals along their axons?

Accepted Answer

Action potential

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Synaptic transmission

Answer

Diffusion

Question 13

Which layer of the meninges is the outermost covering of the central nervous system, located closest to the skull?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater

Answer

Pia mater

Answer

Arachnoid mater

Answer

Ependyma

Question 14

Distinguish between cortical and spinal motor neurons based on their structural and functional characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Cortical motor neurons extend their long axons directly to innervate skeletal muscles, whereas spinal motor neurons have shorter axons that synapse with interneurons in the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

Cortical motor neurons possess larger cell bodies compared to spinal motor neurons.

Answer

Cortical motor neurons are responsible exclusively for voluntary movements, while spinal motor neurons are responsible for involuntary movements.

Answer

Spinal motor neurons receive direct inputs from the cerebral cortex.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of glial cells in the nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Initiating synaptic transmission

Answer

Providing structural support

Answer

Regulating the extracellular environment

Answer

Facilitating the removal of neurotransmitters

Question 16

Which region of the neuron is the primary site for receiving synaptic communication?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Axon hillock

Answer

Synaptic terminal

Question 17

Which ion channels are responsible for the initial depolarization phase of the action potential?

Accepted Answer

Sodium channels

Answer

Potassium channels

Answer

Chloride channels

Answer

Calcium channels

Question 18

Which of the following is the predominant neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 19

Which type of neuron transmits signals from the central nervous system to effector organs?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Glial cell

Question 20

Which part of the neuron integrates synaptic inputs and generates action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Axon hillock

Answer

Axon terminal

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Dendrites

Question 21

Which of the following is the most abundant amino acid neurotransmitter in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Glutamate

Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Glycine

Question 22

Which type of synapse exhibits a decrease in synaptic strength following repeated stimulation?

Accepted Answer

Chemical synapse

Answer

Electrical synapse

Answer

Gap junction

Answer

Neuromuscular junction

Question 23

Which of the following is responsible for the reuptake of neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Glial cells

Answer

Neurons

Answer

Synaptic vesicles

Answer

Ion channels