Common Viral Infections: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Medical Microbiology

Question 1

HIV is classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Retrovirus

Answer

Herpesvirus

Answer

Hepatitis virus

Answer

Orthomyxovirus

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a recognized mode of HIV transmission?

Accepted Answer

Airborne droplets

Answer

Unprotected sexual intercourse

Answer

Sharing contaminated needles

Answer

Blood transfusion

Question 3

Which herpesvirus type causes oral cold sores?

Accepted Answer

HSV-1

Answer

HSV-2

Answer

VZV

Answer

EBV

Question 4

Antiviral drugs for herpes simplex virus infections primarily work by:

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting viral DNA synthesis

Answer

Inhibiting viral protein synthesis

Answer

Inhibiting viral attachment to host cells

Answer

Stimulating the host's immune response

Question 5

Which viral protein mediates influenza virus entry into host cells?

Accepted Answer

Hemagglutinin

Answer

Neuraminidase

Answer

Matrix protein

Answer

Nucleocapsid protein

Question 6

The most suitable clinical specimen for diagnosing HIV infection in a symptomatic individual is:

Accepted Answer

Blood

Answer

Serum

Answer

Saliva

Answer

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 7

Influenza viruses are classified into types based on the antigenic properties of which surface proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA)

Answer

Envelope proteins

Answer

Matrix proteins

Answer

Nucleocapsid proteins

Question 8

Which of the following is a typical clinical manifestation of HIV infection in the early acute phase?

Accepted Answer

Lymphadenopathy

Answer

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)

Answer

Opportunistic infections

Answer

Kaposi's sarcoma

Question 9

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes lifelong latent infection in which cells?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neurons

Answer

T cells

Answer

B cells

Answer

Keratinocytes

Question 10

Which antiviral drug is the first-line treatment for herpes simplex virus infections?

Accepted Answer

Acyclovir

Answer

Ribavirin

Answer

Zidovudine

Answer

Amantadine

Question 11

What is the primary mode of transmission for influenza virus?

Accepted Answer

Inhalation of airborne droplets

Answer

Direct contact with infected secretions

Answer

Ingestion of contaminated food

Answer

Vector-borne transmission

Question 12

What type of immune cell is the primary target of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

CD4+ T cells

Answer

CD8+ T cells

Answer

B cells

Answer

Macrophages

Question 13

Which laboratory test is most commonly used to diagnose acute HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

ELISA

Answer

Western blot

Answer

PCR

Answer

Viral culture

Question 14

Which component of the influenza virus envelope is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Hemagglutinin

Answer

Neuraminidase

Answer

Matrix protein

Answer

Nucleocapsid

Question 15

The primary mode of transmission for the influenza virus is:

Accepted Answer

Inhalation of respiratory droplets

Answer

Contact with contaminated surfaces

Answer

Ingestion of contaminated food

Answer

Vector-borne transmission (e.g., mosquitoes)

Question 16

A definitive diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is typically based on:

Accepted Answer

A combination of clinical and laboratory findings

Answer

Clinical examination alone

Answer

Laboratory testing, such as viral culture or PCR

Answer

Serological testing for antibodies

Question 17

The primary target cell for the hepatitis B virus is:

Accepted Answer

Liver cells (hepatocytes)

Answer

White blood cells (lymphocytes)

Answer

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Answer

Skin cells (keratinocytes)

Question 18

Which of the following is **NOT** a major mode of transmission for influenza virus?

Accepted Answer

Blood transfusion

Answer

Respiratory droplets

Answer

Fomite transmission

Answer

Transplacental transmission

Question 19

Which laboratory test is considered the definitive diagnostic method for HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Western blot

Answer

ELISA

Answer

PCR

Answer

Viral culture

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic clinical manifestation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection?

Accepted Answer

Skin vesicles

Answer

Hepatomegaly

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Encephalitis

Question 21

Which antiviral drug is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated influenza infections?

Accepted Answer

Tamiflu

Answer

Acyclovir

Answer

Valacyclovir

Answer

Ganciclovir

Question 22

Which viral pathogen is responsible for both chickenpox and shingles?

Accepted Answer

Varicella-zoster virus

Answer

Epstein-Barr virus

Answer

Cytomegalovirus

Answer

Human papillomavirus

Question 23

Which vaccine is recommended for preventing rubella infection during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

MMR vaccine

Answer

Tdap vaccine

Answer

Hepatitis B vaccine

Answer

HPV vaccine