Infectious Diseases: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Molecular Biology Students

Question 1

Which of the following bacteria is Gram-negative?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Bacillus subtilis

Question 2

Which of the following is a key component of the innate immune response against viruses?

Accepted Answer

Interferons

Answer

Antibodies

Answer

T-cells

Answer

Memory cells

Question 3

Which of the following molecular techniques is used to diagnose infectious diseases by detecting specific genetic sequences?

Accepted Answer

PCR

Answer

Elisa

Answer

Western blot

Answer

Immunofluorescence

Question 4

Which of the following antibiotics targets bacterial cell wall synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Penicillin

Answer

Tetracycline

Answer

Erythromycin

Answer

Fluconazole

Question 5

The causative agent of tuberculosis is:

Accepted Answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Plasmodium falciparum

Answer

HIV

Question 6

Malaria is primarily transmitted through:

Accepted Answer

Mosquito bites

Answer

Contaminated blood transfusions

Answer

Inhalation of spores

Answer

Fecal-oral route

Question 7

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of viral infections?

Accepted Answer

Obligate intracellular parasites

Answer

Complex cell structure

Answer

Ability to cause disease in only humans

Answer

Spread through environmental contamination

Question 8

Which specific bacterium is the causative agent of tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 9

Which mechanism do parasites commonly employ to evade the host's immune defense?

Accepted Answer

Antigenic variation

Answer

Formation of biofilms

Answer

Production of toxins

Answer

Intracellular replication

Question 10

Which molecular biology technique is widely used for identifying and characterizing microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Question 11

Among the virulence factors possessed by bacteria, which one plays a role in evading the host immune system?

Accepted Answer

Capsule

Answer

Toxin

Answer

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer

Flagella

Question 12

Which diagnostic technique is commonly used for precise identification of specific pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Answer

Gram staining

Answer

X-ray imaging

Answer

Blood culture

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viral replication?

Accepted Answer

Produces single-stranded DNA

Answer

Uses host cell machinery

Answer

Occurs in the cytoplasm

Answer

Requires a nucleocapsid

Question 14

The protein coat that encloses the viral genome is called a:

Accepted Answer

Capsid

Answer

Envelope

Answer

Nucleocapsid

Answer

Matrix

Question 15

The primary mechanism by which HIV targets the host immune system is:

Accepted Answer

Immunosuppression

Answer

Antigenic variation

Answer

Latency

Answer

Biofilm formation

Question 16

The stage of the viral infection cycle where the virus enters the host cell is known as:

Accepted Answer

Entry

Answer

Adhesion

Answer

Replication

Answer

Release

Question 17

An example of an innate immune response is:

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Antibody production

Answer

T cell activation

Answer

Cytokine release

Question 18

The 'One Health' approach recognizes the interconnectedness of:

Accepted Answer

Human, animal, and environmental health

Answer

Physical, mental, and social well-being

Answer

Urban, rural, and global health

Answer

Primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a typical mechanism used by bacteria to cause disease?

Accepted Answer

Promoting host cell growth and proliferation

Answer

Producing toxins that disrupt cellular processes

Answer

Evading or suppressing the host's immune responses

Answer

Directly damaging host tissues and organs

Question 20

Viral latency is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A period of inactivity where the virus remains dormant within the host cell

Answer

Rapid replication and spread of the virus to new host cells

Answer

The release of new virions from the infected host cell

Answer

Active production of viral proteins and particles

Question 21

Parasitic infections are often characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Their ability to persist for extended periods within the host

Answer

Rapid onset of severe, acute symptoms

Answer

Universally high mortality rates

Answer

High susceptibility to treatment with common antibiotics

Question 22

A primary mode of transmission for the influenza virus is:

Accepted Answer

Inhalation of virus-containing aerosols

Answer

Direct contact with contaminated surfaces

Answer

Ingestion of contaminated food or water

Answer

Transmission through insect vectors

Question 23

In the context of infectious diseases, the incubation period refers to:

Accepted Answer

The time interval between exposure to the pathogen and the appearance of symptoms

Answer

The period of time it takes to diagnose the infection

Answer

The time between initial infection and the development of contagiousness

Answer

The duration of the illness from the onset of symptoms to recovery

Question 24

A hallmark symptom commonly associated with tuberculosis is:

Accepted Answer

A persistent, often productive cough

Answer

Gastrointestinal distress and diarrhea

Answer

Skin lesions and rashes

Answer

High fever and chills

Question 25

The use of antibiotics to treat viral infections is generally:

Accepted Answer

Ineffective and not recommended

Answer

Highly effective against most viruses

Answer

Effective only against specific types of viruses

Answer

Moderately effective in some cases