Neurosurgical Techniques: Master the Art of Brain and Spine Surgery

Question 1

Which type of anesthesia is most frequently employed in neurosurgical procedures?

Accepted Answer

General anesthesia

Answer

Regional anesthesia

Answer

Local anesthesia

Answer

Monitored anesthesia care

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of intraoperative monitoring in neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

To prevent neurological damage

Answer

To optimize surgical outcomes

Answer

To shorten surgical time

Answer

To minimize infection risk

Question 3

What is the name of the instrument used to retract the dura mater during neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

Hohmann retractor

Answer

Penfield dissector

Answer

Mayo scissors

Answer

Kelly clamp

Question 4

Which surgical approach involves accessing the skull base through a transnasal route?

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic endonasal approach

Answer

Supraorbital approach

Answer

Transcranial approach

Answer

Suboccipital approach

Question 5

Which intraoperative monitoring technique is primarily used to monitor cerebral blood flow during neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

Transcranial Doppler (TCD)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Laser Doppler flowmetry

Answer

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs)

Question 6

What is the primary function of a neurosurgical retractor?

Accepted Answer

Holding back surrounding tissue to create a clear operative space

Answer

Providing illumination during surgery

Answer

Removing bone fragments from the surgical field

Answer

Controlling bleeding during surgery

Question 7

Which potential complication is commonly associated with lumbar puncture?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Infection

Answer

Nerve damage

Answer

Seizures

Question 8

Which principle is fundamental to skull base surgery?

Accepted Answer

Preserving neural structures

Answer

Minimizing bone removal

Answer

Early dural closure

Answer

Utilizing advanced technology

Question 9

What is the primary purpose of a surgical drain in neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

Removing blood and debris from the surgical site

Answer

Preventing cerebrospinal fluid leakage

Answer

Reducing intracranial pressure

Answer

Delivering antibiotics directly to the surgical area

Question 10

Which of the following is the most common type of anesthesia used in neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation

Answer

Local anesthesia with sedation

Answer

Regional anesthesia with spinal or epidural block

Answer

Spinal anesthesia with intrathecal injection

Question 11

What is the surgical approach to the brain that involves opening the skull?

Accepted Answer

Craniotomy

Answer

Laminectomy

Answer

Microdiscectomy

Answer

Fenestration

Question 12

What is the primary neuroimaging technique used to visualize the brain and spine in detail?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

Question 13

Which anesthetic agent is most commonly preferred in neurosurgery due to its rapid onset and short duration of action?

Accepted Answer

Propofol

Answer

Sevoflurane

Answer

Isoflurane

Answer

Desflurane

Question 14

In neurosurgery, the surgical approach to the posterior fossa through a midline incision and suboccipital craniectomy is termed as:

Accepted Answer

Suboccipital approach

Answer

Pterional approach

Answer

Translabyrinthine approach

Answer

Retrosigmoid approach

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring?

Accepted Answer

Elimination of the need for postoperative imaging

Answer

Real-time assessment of neural function

Answer

Guidance for surgical decision-making

Answer

Reduced risk of neurological complications

Question 16

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is primarily employed to assess:

Accepted Answer

Level of consciousness

Answer

Motor function

Answer

Sensory function

Answer

Pupillary reflexes

Question 17

Which type of brain tumor is known for its rapid growth and invasive nature, infiltrating surrounding brain tissue?

Accepted Answer

Glioma

Answer

Meningioma

Answer

Pituitary adenoma

Answer

Craniopharyngioma

Question 18

The surgical approach to the anterior cranial fossa through a frontal incision and craniotomy is commonly referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Frontal approach

Answer

Pterional approach

Answer

Transcranial approach

Answer

Supraorbital approach

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a common indication for performing a lumbar puncture?

Accepted Answer

Measurement of intracranial pressure

Answer

Diagnosis of meningitis

Answer

Administration of intrathecal chemotherapy

Answer

Collection of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis

Question 20

In neurosurgery, which anesthetic technique is commonly employed to preserve a stable operating environment?

Accepted Answer

Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)

Answer

Regional anesthesia

Answer

Volatile anesthetic inhalation

Answer

Nitrous oxide anesthesia

Question 21

Which monitoring technique is used during spinal surgery to assess spinal cord integrity?

Accepted Answer

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs)

Answer

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)

Answer

Electromyography (EMG)

Answer

Transcranial Doppler (TCD)

Question 22

In neurosurgery, what is the primary purpose of using a microscope?

Accepted Answer

To enhance visualization of the surgical field with high magnification

Answer

To excise brain tumors

Answer

To control bleeding

Question 23

During a laminectomy procedure, which anatomical structure is removed?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral arch

Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Intervertebral disc

Answer

Dura mater

Question 24

In neurosurgery, which procedure involves implanting a shunt to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular shunt

Answer

Aneurysm clipping

Answer

Laminectomy

Answer

Craniotomy

Question 25

What is the primary function of the operating microscope in neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

Visualization of the surgical field with magnification and illumination

Answer

Tissue removal

Answer

Control of bleeding

Question 26

What is the primary reason for using a neuroendoscope in neurosurgery?

Accepted Answer

To visualize deep and hard-to-reach areas of the brain

Answer

To remove brain tumors

Answer

To repair vascular malformations