Introduction to the Gastrointestinal System: Learn about GI Structure and Function

Question 1

Which division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates increased movement in the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Enteric

Answer

Somatic

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used method for assessing gastrointestinal function?

Accepted Answer

Electrolyte measurement

Answer

Endoscopy

Answer

Biopsy

Answer

Barium meal

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Answer

Digestion and absorption of nutrients

Answer

Elimination of waste products

Answer

Protection against pathogens

Question 4

Which of the following layers of the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for propelling food through the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Muscularis

Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Submucosa

Answer

Serosa

Question 5

Which of the following enzymes is secreted by the pancreas and is responsible for breaking down proteins?

Accepted Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Question 6

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Question 7

Which of the following is responsible for regulating local functions within the gastrointestinal tract, such as motility and secretion?

Accepted Answer

Enteric nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 8

Which of the following gastrointestinal disorders is characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining?

Accepted Answer

Peptic ulcer disease

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Appendicitis

Question 9

Which of the following medications is used to treat peptic ulcer disease by reducing stomach acid production?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole

Answer

Bisacodyl

Answer

Metronidazole

Answer

Tums

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Rapid heart rate

Answer

Difficulty breathing

Question 11

What is the most common first-line treatment for constipation in adults?

Accepted Answer

Laxatives

Answer

Antispasmodics

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Antacids

Question 12

Which hormone triggers the release of gastric juices and slows down the emptying of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Question 13

What is the main function of the immune system in the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

To shield the gastrointestinal system from harmful substances in food

Answer

To produce antibodies that travel throughout the body

Answer

The gastrointestinal system and immune system function independently

Question 14

Which cell type is absent from the gastric mucosa?

Accepted Answer

Enterocytes

Answer

Parietal cells

Answer

Chief cells

Answer

Goblet cells

Question 15

Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Submucosa

Answer

Muscularis externa

Answer

Adventitia

Question 16

The process by which food is propelled along the gastrointestinal tract is called:

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Secretion

Answer

Absorption

Question 17

Gastric acid secretion is stimulated primarily by which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Somatostatin

Question 18

The enzyme responsible for initiating the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth is:

Accepted Answer

Ptyalin

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Lipase

Question 19

The ileocecal valve primarily prevents:

Accepted Answer

Reflux of colonic contents into the small intestine

Answer

Absorption of water and electrolytes in the large intestine

Answer

Secretion of mucus into the small intestine

Answer

Peristalsis in the large intestine

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pancreas in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Absorb nutrients

Answer

Produce enzymes

Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Neutralize gastric acid

Question 21

Constipation is commonly caused by:

Accepted Answer

Low fiber intake

Answer

Increased physical activity

Answer

Excessive fluid consumption

Answer

Use of stimulant drugs

Question 22

Which structure in the gastrointestinal system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Question 23

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

To mechanically and chemically break down food

Answer

To regulate bowel movements

Answer

To absorb nutrients

Answer

To store food

Question 24

Which hormone primarily stimulates the release of gastric juices?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Secretin

Question 25

What is the liver's main role in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Food storage

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Question 26

Which of the following is the pancreas' primary function in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of enzymes to break down food

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Production of hormones

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a healthy diet

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Hiatal hernia

Question 28

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

Epigastric pain

Answer

Vomiting blood

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 29

Which treatment approach is typically recommended as the first line of defense against Crohn's disease?

Accepted Answer

Anti-inflammatory medications

Answer

Surgical intervention

Answer

Antibiotics