Psychotic Disorders: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Delusions

Answer

Anhedonia

Answer

Avolition

Answer

Negative thought process

Question 2

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Glutamate

Question 3

What is the first-line antipsychotic medication for the treatment of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Olanzapine

Answer

Fluoxetine

Answer

Valproate

Answer

Lithium

Question 4

What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy for schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

To improve social functioning and quality of life

Answer

To reduce the frequency and severity of psychotic symptoms

Answer

To enhance medication adherence

Answer

To prevent relapse

Question 5

What is the term for a delusion that is not culturally appropriate, involves a false belief of persecution or harm, and persists over time?

Accepted Answer

Paranoia

Answer

Ideas of reference

Answer

Grandiosity

Answer

Magical thinking

Question 6

What is the term for a state of severe psychomotor retardation or agitation that can occur in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Catatonia

Answer

Stupor

Answer

Akathisia

Answer

Tardive dyskinesia

Question 7

Which psychosocial factor is strongly linked to an increased risk of developing psychotic disorders?

Accepted Answer

Chronic exposure to significant stressors

Answer

Strong social support

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar mood swings

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions

Answer

Flat affect

Question 9

What is the estimated prevalence of schizophrenia in the general population?

Accepted Answer

Around 1%

Answer

Around 2%

Answer

Around 3%

Answer

Around 4%

Question 10

Which of the following neurotransmitters is thought to be implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Glutamate

Question 11

What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Mood stabilisers

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 12

Which of the following is **not** a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Flattened affect

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions

Answer

Disorganized speech

Question 13

What is the term for the lack of motivation, drive, and social interest commonly observed in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Avolition

Answer

Alogia

Answer

Anhedonia

Answer

Catatonia

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Glutamate

Question 15

What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for acute psychotic episodes in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 16

What is the name of the structured diagnostic interview commonly used to assess symptoms of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

SCID

Answer

MINI

Answer

PANSS

Answer

HAM-D

Question 17

What is the term used to describe the slow and gradual onset of psychotic symptoms over weeks or months?

Accepted Answer

Insidious onset

Answer

Acute onset

Answer

Sudden onset

Answer

Subacute onset

Question 18

Which treatment is typically the first choice for schizophrenia, effectively reducing both positive and negative symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Atypical antipsychotics

Answer

Lithium

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer

Psychotherapy

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of positive symptoms of psychosis?

Accepted Answer

Perceptions of stimuli that are not present in the environment (hallucinations)

Answer

Self-critical thoughts (negative self-talk)

Answer

Loss of interest in activities (anhedonia)

Answer

Deficits in motivation/drive (avolition)

Question 20

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Dopaminergic system

Answer

Serotonergic system

Answer

Noradrenergic system

Answer

Glutamatergic system

Question 21

First-generation antipsychotics are characterized by which of the following properties?

Accepted Answer

Higher risk of extrapyramidal side effects

Answer

More effective for treating depression

Answer

Primarily used for treating negative symptoms

Answer

Minimal anticholinergic effects

Question 22

Which of the following is the most common subtype of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Paranoid schizophrenia

Answer

Catatonic schizophrenia

Answer

Disorganized schizophrenia

Answer

Undifferentiated schizophrenia

Question 23

What is the term for the disturbance in thinking that is characterized by disorganized speech and impaired logical reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Thought disorder

Answer

Delusion

Answer

Hallucination

Answer

Disorientation

Question 24

Which of the following is a common characteristic of delusions?

Accepted Answer

Fixed, false beliefs that are resistant to reason and evidence

Answer

Amenable to logical argumentation

Answer

Transient, fleeting thoughts

Answer

Based on real-life experiences

Question 25

What is the primary goal of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for psychosis?

Accepted Answer

To challenge and modify maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors that maintain psychotic symptoms

Answer

To reduce the frequency and severity of hallucinations and delusions through relaxation techniques

Answer

To improve social skills and interpersonal functioning

Answer

To provide support and empathy