Social Mobility: Understanding Social Movement and Inequality

Question 1

Which of the following is a major factor that does NOT influence social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Education

Answer

Income

Answer

Geographic location

Question 2

Vertical social mobility specifically refers to:

Accepted Answer

Movement up or down the social hierarchy

Answer

Movement within the same social class

Answer

Movement between different ethnic groups

Answer

Movement into or out of poverty

Question 3

The process of moving from a lower to a higher social class is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Upward mobility

Answer

Downward mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Question 4

Which of the following theories best explains social mobility as a result of individual effort and achievement?

Accepted Answer

Meritocratic theory

Answer

Structural conflict theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used method to measure social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Birth order

Answer

Occupation

Answer

Income

Answer

Education

Question 6

Horizontal social mobility refers to:

Accepted Answer

Movement within the same social class

Answer

Movement up or down the social hierarchy

Answer

Movement between different racial groups

Answer

Movement into or out of poverty

Question 7

The social class of an individual's parents is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Ascribed status

Answer

Achieved status

Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Social inequality

Question 8

Which of the following refers to upward movement within the social hierarchy?:

Accepted Answer

Upward mobility

Answer

Downward mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Lateral mobility

Question 9

According to structural mobility theory, social mobility is primarily influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Structural factors

Answer

Individual characteristics

Answer

Cultural norms

Answer

Government policies

Question 10

Which policy measure could potentially enhance social mobility opportunities?

Accepted Answer

Expanding access to affordable housing

Answer

Reducing immigration levels

Answer

Providing tax breaks to corporations

Answer

Eliminating social safety nets

Question 11

Regarding social mobility, the statement 'It always results in positive outcomes for individuals and society' is:

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 12

Which of the following is typically associated with a closed social system?

Accepted Answer

Fixed social hierarchies

Answer

High social mobility

Answer

Equal access to education

Answer

Extensive social networks

Question 13

The concept of 'relative deprivation' in social mobility theory emphasizes the role of:

Accepted Answer

Individuals' subjective perceptions of their status

Answer

Absolute levels of wealth and income

Answer

Government policies

Answer

Social class of parents

Question 14

The process of individuals moving up or down in social status over their lifetime is known as:

Accepted Answer

Intragenerational mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Absolute mobility

Answer

Relative mobility

Question 15

Which theory of social mobility emphasizes the influence of social structure?

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionist theory

Answer

Social constructivist theory

Question 16

The 'great Gatsby curve' represents the relationship between:

Accepted Answer

Social mobility and economic inequality

Answer

Education and income

Answer

Race and poverty

Answer

Age and wealth

Question 17

How does social mobility influence social inequality?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility can contribute to inequality by intensifying competition for limited resources, resulting in wider gaps between individuals and groups.

Accepted Answer

Social mobility can mitigate inequality by offering avenues for upward mobility, enabling individuals and groups to enhance their social and economic standing, thereby reducing disparities.

Answer

Social mobility has no direct impact on inequality.

Answer

Social mobility always leads to increased inequality.

Question 18

Which factor plays the most significant role in enhancing upward social mobility in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Access to quality education

Answer

High income

Answer

Family background

Answer

Political affiliations

Question 19

According to the supplied context, which situation best represents intergenerational social mobility?

Accepted Answer

A child pursuing higher education despite their parents' lack of college degrees

Answer

An individual experiencing downward mobility due to job loss

Answer

An immigrant relocating to a new country and starting a new life

Answer

A person moving within the same state but to a different city

Question 20

Typically, social mobility is measured by considering:

Accepted Answer

A combination of all the above

Answer

Changes in income earned

Answer

Changes in educational attainment

Answer

Changes in occupational status

Question 21

One common criticism of the social mobility thesis is that:

Accepted Answer

It oversimplifies the complexities of social stratification

Answer

It assumes a uniform level of social mobility across societies

Answer

It fails to recognize the impact of social networks on mobility

Answer

It relies on outdated data

Question 22

Which sociological perspective aligns with the belief that social factors restrict social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Structural functionalism

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Feminist theory

Question 23

Horizontal social mobility refers to:

Accepted Answer

Movement within the same social class

Answer

Movement across different social classes

Answer

Movement up or down the social ladder

Answer

Movement from one society to another

Question 24

Which policy approach has been suggested to foster social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Implementing all of the above

Answer

Expanding access to higher education opportunities

Answer

Investing in early childhood education programs

Answer

Increasing the minimum wage

Question 25

One significant challenge encountered in studying social mobility is:

Accepted Answer

Addressing all of these challenges

Answer

Data limitations

Answer

Defining social mobility clearly

Answer

Measuring social mobility accurately

Question 26

What type of social mobility involves movement between different social classes?

Accepted Answer

Vertical mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Structural mobility

Answer

Exchange mobility

Question 27

Which group in the United States has historically experienced the greatest barriers to upward social mobility?

Accepted Answer

African Americans

Answer

Asian Americans

Answer

Hispanic Americans

Answer

Native Americans

Question 28

Which factor does NOT influence social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Education

Answer

Occupation

Answer

Birthright

Question 29

The upward movement of individuals within the social hierarchy is termed:

Accepted Answer

Upward mobility

Answer

Downward mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Question 30

The concept of 'structural mobility' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Mobility resulting from societal changes

Answer

Mobility solely based on individual effort

Answer

Mobility limited to educational attainment

Answer

Mobility solely driven by economic factors

Question 31

A study reveals that children from wealthy families have higher college attendance rates than those from low-income families. This implies that social mobility in the United States:

Accepted Answer

Is high but unequal

Answer

Is high and equal for all

Answer

Is low and equal for all

Answer

Is low but unequal

Question 32

According to the theory of 'circulation of elites', social mobility over time:

Accepted Answer

Is often cyclical, with elites rotating in and out

Answer

Results in the complete replacement of the elite

Answer

Leads to the emergence of entirely new elites

Answer

Is dependent on the degree of social inequality

Question 33

Which of the following is not a type of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Geographic mobility

Answer

Upward mobility

Answer

Downward mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Question 34

In modern societies, which factor is widely recognized as a key driver of upward social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Access to quality education

Answer

Inheritance of significant wealth

Answer

Establishment of strong social connections

Answer

Implementation of government policies promoting equality

Question 35

Which of the following is a primary factor contributing to downward social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Job loss

Answer

Political stability

Answer

Increased educational attainment

Answer

Strong social support networks

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced social cohesion

Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

Political instability

Answer

Transformations in social structure

Question 37

Which type of social mobility involves movement across social classes within the same generation?

Accepted Answer

Intragenerational mobility

Answer

Horizontal mobility

Answer

Vertical mobility

Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Question 38

What is a major advantage of using Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for educational assessment?

Accepted Answer

Efficient and objective evaluation of a large number of students

Answer

Provision of opportunities for in-depth written responses

Answer

Precise measurement of complex and nuanced understanding

Answer

Difficulty in creating questions that effectively discriminate between students

Question 39

What is the primary objective of constructing high-quality MCQs?

Accepted Answer

To ensure fairness, validity, and reliability in assessment

Answer

To amuse students with challenging questions

Answer

To confound students with ambiguous options

Answer

To encourage students to memorize factual information

Question 40

Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic of a well-crafted MCQ?

Accepted Answer

A clear and concise stem that accurately aligns with the intended learning outcome

Answer

Ambiguous wording that allows for multiple interpretations

Question 41

What is the purpose of item analysis in MCQ development?

Accepted Answer

Evaluates the effectiveness of each MCQ item and identifies areas for improvement

Answer

Selects the most appropriate distractors for a given stem

Answer

Provides feedback to students on their performance

Answer

Determines the appropriate grade level for the question

Question 42

Which of the following is a best practice for writing answer options in MCQs?

Accepted Answer

Using parallel construction and ensuring options are roughly equal in length

Answer

Including options that are excessively long and complex

Answer

Making the correct answer significantly longer than the distractors

Answer

Using vague and ambiguous language in the options

Question 43

The movement of individuals from lower to higher social classes is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Upward social mobility

Answer

Intergenerational social mobility

Answer

Downward social mobility

Answer

Horizontal social mobility

Question 44

Which of the following is a potential consequence of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Changes in social status

Answer

Reduced economic inequality

Answer

Lower levels of poverty

Answer

Stability of social structure

Question 45

The concept of 'structural mobility' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Mobility caused by changes in the occupational structure

Answer

Mobility within the same social class

Answer

Mobility due to individual effort

Question 46

Social mobility can impact social inequality by:

Accepted Answer

Both reducing and perpetuating it

Answer

Having no effect on it

Answer

Eliminating it altogether

Answer

Increasing it only

Question 47

Which type of social mobility refers to the movement of individuals between social classes across generations?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Exchange mobility

Answer

Structural mobility

Answer

Intragenerational mobility

Question 48

Which of the following is a macro-level factor that influences social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Economic conditions

Answer

Family background

Answer

Individual characteristics

Answer

Education

Question 49

The study of social mobility is important because it helps us:

Accepted Answer

Understand social stratification and inequality

Answer

Eliminate poverty

Answer

Control social change

Answer

Predict individual success

Question 50

Which of the following is considered a significant barrier to upward social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Income

Answer

Occupation

Answer

Education

Question 51

What type of social mobility involves the change in social status across generations?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational mobility

Answer

Changes in social status within an individual's lifetime.

Answer

Movement between different social groups within the same generation.

Question 52

Which of the following is a commonly used measure of social stratification?

Accepted Answer

Income

Answer

Personality

Answer

Age

Answer

Gender

Question 53

According to the conflict perspective, what is the primary determinant of social mobility?

Accepted Answer

Power and resources

Answer

Race and ethnicity

Answer

Education and merit

Answer

Gender and religion

Question 54

What term describes the shift of women into occupations that were traditionally held by men?

Accepted Answer

Feminization of work

Answer

Gender equality

Answer

Masculinization of labor

Answer

Occupational mobility