Major Endocrine Glands: Structure and Function Quiz

Question 1

Which hormone stimulates milk production in women who have recently given birth?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer

Luteinizing hormone

Question 2

Which gland regulates metabolism, growth, and development?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Gonads

Question 3

Which hormone prepares the body for a 'fight or flight' response in stressful situations?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatotropin

Question 4

Which gland secretes insulin and glucagon, hormones that regulate blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 5

Which gland regulates reproductive processes?

Accepted Answer

Gonads

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 6

Which pituitary gland hormone stimulates tissue growth?

Accepted Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer

Luteinizing hormone

Question 7

Which hormone regulates calcium metabolism and bone health?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 8

Which hormone, released by the pineal gland, regulates sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 9

Which hormone is essential for milk production in nursing women?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Question 10

The hormone released by the adrenal cortex that plays a crucial role in the body's stress response is:

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 11

Which endocrine gland is located in the neck and secretes hormones that regulate metabolism and growth?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Gonads

Answer

Pituitary

Question 12

The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release insulin is:

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Question 13

The hormone responsible for regulating blood calcium levels is:

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Adrenaline

Question 14

Which endocrine gland is responsible for producing sex hormones in males?

Accepted Answer

Testes

Answer

Pituitary

Answer

Thyroid

Answer

Adrenals

Question 15

The hormone that is essential for embryonic development and growth is:

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Prolactin

Question 16

Which endocrine gland is located in the brain and controls the release of other hormones?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary

Answer

Thyroid

Answer

Adrenals

Answer

Pancreas

Question 17

The hormone that plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body is:

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Estrogen

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Produces insulin

Answer

Regulates growth and development

Answer

Controls metabolism

Answer

Stimulates the release of thyroid hormones

Question 19

The adrenal medulla releases hormones that:

Accepted Answer

Increase heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Decrease blood sugar levels

Answer

Stimulate the production of growth hormone

Answer

Inhibit the secretion of prolactin

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of insulin?

Accepted Answer

Lowers blood sugar levels

Answer

Raises blood pressure

Answer

Increases bone density

Answer

Stimulates the release of prolactin

Question 21

Which gland produces hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle and pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Testes

Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 22

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and is involved in regulating circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Estrogen

Question 23

Which of the following is a potential consequence of excessive secretion of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Hypertension

Question 24

The main target organ of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is the:

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Heart

Answer

Liver

Answer

Brain

Question 25

Which of the following imaging techniques is commonly used to visualize the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 26

Which hormone pair is essential for regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin and glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Answer

Cortisol and aldosterone

Question 27

Which hormone is primarily responsible for controlling growth and development in humans?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 28

Which hormone triggers the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer

Thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH)

Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Answer

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

Question 29

Which hormone stimulates the ovaries to release an egg during ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Progesterone

Question 30

Which hormone is NOT produced by the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Controls blood sugar levels

Answer

Stimulates growth hormone secretion

Answer

Regulates thyroid hormone secretion

Question 32

Which hormone is exclusively secreted by the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 33

Which hormone stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

Answer

Somatostatin

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 34

Which gland secretes the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Question 35

Which hormone is crucial for brain development in fetuses and infants?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Calcitonin

Question 36

Which hormone is involved in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 37

Which pituitary hormone stimulates milk production in lactating women?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Oxytocin

Question 38

Which gland secretes the hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland

Answer

Salivary gland

Answer

Thymus gland

Answer

Pineal gland

Question 39

Which adrenal hormone is primarily involved in regulating blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Insulin

Question 40

Which hormone, produced by the pineal gland, is associated with sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Thymosin

Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 41

Which thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone