Chemical Bonding: Ionic, Covalent, Electronegativity, Bond Strength, Molecular Shape

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ionic bonding?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity difference between bonding atoms is less than 1.7

Answer

Formed between atoms with large electronegativity differences

Answer

Results in the formation of electrically neutral compounds

Answer

Involves the transfer of electrons

Question 2

Which of the following molecules has the most polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

HCl

Answer

CH₄

Answer

H₂O

Answer

CO₂

Question 3

The shape of a molecule is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

The type of hybridisation

Answer

The number of valence electrons

Answer

The electronegativity of the atoms

Answer

The atomic radii of the atoms

Question 4

Which type of bond is generally the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Answer

Covalent bond

Answer

Hydrogen bond

Answer

van der Waals force

Question 5

Electronegativity is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

An atom's attraction for electrons in a chemical bond

Answer

The total number of electrons an atom can hold

Answer

An atom's atomic mass

Answer

An atom's atomic number

Question 6

Which of the following molecules is non-polar?

Accepted Answer

CH₄

Answer

NH₃

Answer

H₂O

Answer

CO₂

Question 7

The hybridisation of the carbon atom in methane (CH₄) is:

Accepted Answer

sp³

Answer

sp

Answer

sp²

Answer

sp³d

Question 8

Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

H₂O

Answer

CH₄

Answer

NH₃

Answer

HF

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of resonance?

Accepted Answer

Benzene

Answer

Ethane

Answer

Methane

Answer

Ammonia

Question 10

Ionic bonding is characterised by the transfer of electrons between atoms, forming oppositely charged ions. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ionic bonding?

Accepted Answer

Formation of covalent bonds

Answer

High melting and boiling points

Answer

Low solubility in water

Answer

Crystalline solid structure

Question 11

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Answer

Ionic bond

Answer

Metallic bond

Answer

Van der Waals force

Question 12

According to the VSEPR theory, the shape of a molecule is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

The number and arrangement of bonding and lone pairs of electrons around the central atom

Answer

The electronegativity of the atoms involved

Answer

The bond lengths and bond angles

Answer

The hybridisation of the central atom

Question 13

Which of the following bonds is considered polar covalent?

Accepted Answer

N-O

Answer

H-H

Answer

C-C

Answer

Na-Cl

Question 14

In the molecule CH4 (methane), the central carbon atom undergoes:

Accepted Answer

sp3 hybridisation

Answer

sp hybridisation

Answer

sp2 hybridisation

Answer

sp3d hybridisation

Question 15

Which of the following species acts as a Lewis acid in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen ion (H+)

Answer

Ammonia (NH3)

Answer

Hydroxide ion (OH-)

Answer

Fluoride ion (F-)

Question 16

The presence of resonance structures in a molecule generally leads to:

Accepted Answer

Increased stability

Answer

Decreased reactivity

Answer

Lower solubility

Answer

Higher melting point

Question 17

What is the next step in the Born-Haber cycle after gaseous ions are formed?

Accepted Answer

Lattice formation

Answer

Electron affinity

Answer

Enthalpy of hydration

Answer

Bond dissociation enthalpy

Question 18

Which diatomic molecule has the greatest molecular dipole moment?

Accepted Answer

HCl

Answer

H2

Answer

N2

Answer

CO2

Question 19

Which element is most likely to form ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Fluorine

Answer

Carbon

Answer

Oxygen

Question 20

Which substance has the strongest intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Water (H₂O)

Answer

Hydrogen chloride (HCl)

Answer

Methane (CH₄)

Answer

Ammonia (NH₃)

Question 21

Which molecule deviates from VSEPR theory predictions due to resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

SF4

Answer

NH3

Answer

CH4

Answer

H2O

Question 22

Electronegativity is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons.

Answer

The number of valence electrons in an atom.

Answer

The size of an atom's nucleus.

Answer

The energy needed to ionize an atom.

Question 23

The shape of a molecule is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

Both (a) and (b).

Answer

The number of valence electrons.

Answer

The arrangement of bonded atoms.

Answer

The electronegativity of bonded atoms.

Question 24

Identify the type of bonding present in sodium chloride (NaCl).

Accepted Answer

Ionic

Answer

Covalent

Answer

Metallic

Answer

Hydrogen

Question 25

Which substance exhibits the strongest intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Helium

Answer

Methane

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 26

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Question 27

In an ionic bond, electrons are:

Accepted Answer

Transferred from one atom to another

Answer

Donated and received equally

Answer

Shared between atoms

Answer

Not involved

Question 28

Which bond arises from the sharing of electron pairs?

Accepted Answer

Covalent

Answer

Ionic

Answer

Metallic

Answer

Hydrogen

Question 29

The strength of a chemical bond is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

The electronegativity difference of the atoms involved

Answer

The number of electrons shared

Answer

The size of the atoms bonded

Answer

The molecular weight of the compound

Question 30

Which molecule has a linear shape?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Water

Answer

Ammonia

Answer

Methane

Question 31

The hybridization of the carbon atom in methane is:

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a property of ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

High volatility

Answer

High melting point

Answer

Good electrical conductivity

Answer

Solubility in water

Question 33

The type of intermolecular force that exists between water molecules is:

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Answer

Dipole-dipole interaction

Answer

London dispersion force

Answer

Ionic interaction

Question 34

Which of the following is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen chloride

Answer

Carbon tetrachloride

Answer

Sulfur hexafluoride

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 35

Bond breaking requires:

Accepted Answer

Energy input

Answer

Energy release

Answer

No energy change

Answer

A catalyst

Question 36

In which type of chemical bond do atoms share electrons?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Answer

Hydrogen bond

Answer

Metallic bond

Answer

Ionic bond

Question 37

Which type of hybridization is exhibited by the carbon atom in methane (CH₄)?

Accepted Answer

sp³

Answer

sp²

Answer

sp

Question 38

Which of the following molecules is considered polar?

Accepted Answer

Water (H₂O)

Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Answer

Methane (CH₄)

Answer

Nitrogen (N₂)

Question 39

Which type of interaction is stronger than a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Answer

Hydrogen bond

Answer

Dipole-dipole interaction

Answer

Van der Waals force

Question 40

Which of these compounds has the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Answer

Methane (CH₄)

Answer

Water (H₂O)

Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Question 41

Which type of bond is responsible for connecting amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Answer

Glycosidic bond

Answer

Ether bond

Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 42

Which bonding theory describes the overlap of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals?

Accepted Answer

Molecular orbital theory

Answer

Valence bond theory

Answer

Crystal field theory

Answer

Ligand field theory