Cell Division Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge in Human Biology

Question 1

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Prophase II

Answer

Metaphase II

Question 2

During which stage of **meiosis** do homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material through crossing over?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Telophase I

Question 3

What is the role of **cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)** in cell division?

Accepted Answer

To phosphorylate proteins involved in cell cycle progression

Answer

To inhibit the activation of cell cycle checkpoints

Answer

To repair damaged DNA

Answer

To regulate the synthesis of spindle fibers

Question 4

Which of the following is a stage of meiosis but not mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Synapsis

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 5

What is the main function of centromeres during chromosome segregation?

Accepted Answer

To attach chromosomes to spindle fibers

Answer

To hold sister chromatids together

Answer

To align chromosomes at the metaphase plate

Answer

To prevent chromosome breakage

Question 6

Which type of protein regulates the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Cyclin

Answer

Histone

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Telomere

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

What is the function of telomeres?

Accepted Answer

To protect chromosomes from damage during cell division

Answer

To prevent chromosome fusion

Answer

To regulate gene expression

Answer

To ensure accurate chromosome replication

Question 9

During which stage of cell division do sister chromatids separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Telophase

Answer

Interphase

Question 10

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix, enabling replication to occur?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

Primase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

Polymerase

Question 11

What is the key significance of crossing-over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Promotes genetic diversity by creating new gene combinations

Answer

Provides additional copies of chromosomes for gametes

Answer

Ensures equal distribution of chromosomes during mitosis

Answer

Accelerates the process of meiosis

Question 12

Which type of cell division occurs in non-reproductive body cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 13

What is the primary function of the spindle apparatus during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Separating chromosomes during cell division

Answer

Producing energy for the cell

Answer

Transcribing DNA into mRNA

Answer

Transporting proteins across the plasma membrane

Question 14

Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the formation of visible, condensed chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 15

What is the name of the structure that shortens during anaphase to pull chromosomes to opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Spindle fiber

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Centriole

Answer

Kinetochore

Question 16

Which of the following conditions is characterized by uncontrolled cell division?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Anemia

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Arthritis

Question 17

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands during replication?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

Primase

Question 18

Which type of cell division produces cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 19

Define mitosis, explaining its key characteristics and end result.

Accepted Answer

The division of a cell into two genetically identical daughter cells.

Answer

The division of a cell into four genetically different daughter cells.

Answer

The copying of DNA before cell division occurs.

Answer

The separation of homologous chromosomes during cell division.

Question 20

What process during meiosis leads to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Crossover

Answer

Independent assortment

Answer

Replication

Answer

Mutation

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

G1

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 22

What is the primary function of centrosomes in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Organizing spindle fibers to separate chromosomes

Answer

Synthesizing new DNA

Answer

Breaking down the nuclear envelope

Answer

Transporting materials within the cell

Question 23

What is the name of the checkpoint that ensures all chromosomes are properly attached to spindle fibers before anaphase?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase checkpoint

Answer

G1 checkpoint

Answer

G2 checkpoint

Answer

S checkpoint

Question 24

What is the primary purpose of cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

To divide the cytoplasm

Answer

To separate chromosomes

Answer

To form spindle fibers

Answer

To condense chromosomes

Question 25

Which of the following types of cancer commonly arises from uncontrolled cell division?

Accepted Answer

Carcinoma

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Type 1 diabetes

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Question 26

What structure in the cell is responsible for replicating DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Replisome

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Telomere

Question 27

How does a disrupted cell cycle contribute to cancer development?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled cell division, leading to tumor formation.

Answer

Exclusively results in non-cancerous tumors.

Answer

Has no impact on cancer development.

Question 28

Define mitosis: the process of cell division resulting in:

Accepted Answer

Two identical daughter cells

Answer

Four identical daughter cells

Answer

Somatic cells

Answer

Gametes

Question 29

In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope break down?

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 30

What is the primary function of centrioles during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Forming the mitotic spindle fibers

Answer

Condensing chromosomes

Answer

Dividing the cytoplasm

Answer

Synthesizing DNA

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a checkpoint in the normal cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

S checkpoint

Answer

G1/S checkpoint

Answer

G2/M checkpoint

Answer

M checkpoint

Question 32

What is the primary significance of crossing over during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Promoting genetic variation in offspring

Answer

Ensuring equal distribution of chromosomes

Answer

Facilitating independent assortment of alleles

Answer

Preventing cell cycle arrest

Question 33

What is the primary purpose of cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Dividing the cytoplasm after mitosis or meiosis

Answer

Separating chromosomes during cell division

Answer

Regulating the cell cycle

Answer

Synthesizing new DNA

Question 34

Which structure connects daughter cells during cytokinesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell plate

Answer

Midbody

Answer

Centromere

Answer

Cleavage furrow

Question 35

During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes condense and become visible under a microscope?

Accepted Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Answer

Metaphase

Question 36

Which phase of meiosis is characterized by the pairing and exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I

Answer

Prophase II

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the progression of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Light intensity

Answer

Cyclins

Answer

CDK

Answer

Growth factors

Question 38

What is the primary function of centromeres during cell division?

Accepted Answer

The attachment point for spindle fibers, ensuring accurate chromosome segregation.

Answer

The site of DNA replication

Answer

The location of genes.

Answer

The region responsible for protein synthesis.

Question 39

Which type of cell division results in the formation of haploid daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Budding

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary Fission

Question 40

What is the primary significance of the interphase stage in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

It encompasses cell growth, DNA replication, and preparation for division.

Answer

It marks the division of the cell.

Answer

It is responsible for cell differentiation.

Question 41

Which of the following is a potential consequence of unregulated cell division?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Cell senescence

Answer

Programmed cell death

Answer

Cell differentiation

Question 42

What is the primary role of the Golgi apparatus during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Packaging and modifying proteins and lipids for export.

Answer

Transporting proteins within the cell.

Answer

Generating energy for the cell.

Answer

Synthesizing DNA and RNA.