Cell Structure and Function: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Advanced Diploma in Healthcare

Question 1

What is the cell membrane NOT responsible for?

Accepted Answer

Storing the cell's genetic information

Answer

Controlling what enters and exits the cell

Answer

Providing support and keeping the cell's shape

Answer

Helping cells communicate with each other

Question 2

Which of the following is a selectively permeable membrane found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Nuclear envelope

Answer

Ribosome

Question 3

Which of the following statements correctly compares the typical size of prokaryotic cells to eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells are typically larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are typically larger than eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are typically the same size.

Answer

The size of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells varies greatly, making any comparison impossible.

Question 4

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear membrane enclosing the nucleus

Answer

Peptidoglycan cell wall

Answer

Absence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Lack of ribosomes

Question 5

The primary function of which cell organelle is protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

Which cellular structure acts as a selectively permeable barrier, regulating the exchange of materials into and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

What substance constitutes the semi-fluid matrix filling the cell interior?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleoplasm

Answer

Protoplasm

Answer

Etoplasm

Question 8

Which of the following is not a form of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 9

The process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells is known as:

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Karyokinesis

Question 10

Which cellular molecule serves as the primary energy currency?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

ADP

Answer

NADH

Question 11

In plant cells, the site responsible for photosynthesis is the:

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

Which cell type lacks a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Answer

Plant cell

Answer

Animal cell

Question 13

Which cellular component is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 14

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Answer

Storing genetic information

Answer

Generating energy

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 16

What process do cells undergo to divide?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Question 17

During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes replicate?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Question 18

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifying and packaging proteins

Answer

Synthesizing lipids

Answer

Producing ribosomes

Answer

Generating ATP

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Regulating gene expression

Answer

Providing structural support

Answer

Facilitating cell movement

Answer

Dividing the cell during mitosis

Question 20

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Storing and digesting waste materials

Answer

Producing energy

Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Answer

Modifying and packaging lipids

Question 21

Which cell organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 22

What is the key distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, unlike eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, unlike eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells are typically larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are found in animals, while eukaryotic cells are found in plants.

Question 23

Which function is attributed to the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the exchange of materials with the environment

Answer

Provides structural support and shape

Answer

Synthesizes proteins

Answer

Directs cell division

Question 24

What is the primary function of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration and energy production

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Lipid metabolism

Answer

Waste elimination

Question 25

Which of the following is responsible for modifying and transporting proteins within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 26

What is the role of lysosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of cellular waste

Answer

Synthesis of carbohydrates

Answer

Production of energy

Answer

Storage of genetic material

Question 27

Which mechanism describes the passive movement of molecules across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 28

Which of the following functions is performed by the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Provides structural support and enables cell movement

Answer

Synthesizes proteins

Answer

Stores lipids

Answer

Controls gene expression

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a function of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes proteins

Answer

Houses genetic material

Answer

Coordinates cell division

Answer

Regulates gene expression

Question 30

Within eukaryotic cells, RNA synthesis primarily occurs in which organelle?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Chromosomes

Answer

Nuclear envelope

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 31

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein assembly

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Genetic material storage

Question 32

In a eukaryotic cell, what is the primary function of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Houses and protects the cell's genetic material (DNA).

Answer

Site of protein synthesis.

Answer

Controls and coordinates cellular activities.

Question 33

What is a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound nucleus

Answer

No membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Cellulose cell wall

Answer

No ribosomes

Question 34

Which type of cell contains membrane-bound organelles?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells

Answer

Prokaryotic cells

Answer

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 35

What is a defining feature that sets eukaryotic cells apart from prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Possession of a nucleus

Answer

Lack of ribosomes

Answer

Cell wall composed of cellulose

Question 36

Which characteristic is exclusive to prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Absence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Absence of ribosomes

Answer

Larger size compared to eukaryotic cells

Question 37

The Golgi apparatus is primarily responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Modifying and sorting proteins

Answer

Synthesizing lipids

Answer

Providing energy for the cell

Answer

Storing genetic material

Question 38

Which cell structure is the site of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 39

The theory that states that cells arise from pre-existing cells is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Cell theory

Answer

Mendelian theory

Answer

Germ theory

Answer

Evolution theory

Question 40

Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration and energy production?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 41

The process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells is known as:

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Differentiation

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Question 42

A primary function of the cell membrane is to:

Accepted Answer

Regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Generate ATP

Answer

Store genetic material

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Question 43

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Circular DNA

Answer

Lack of nucleus

Answer

Absence of ribosomes

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a type of active transport?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 45

The primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells is:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Protein synthesis