Cell Transport: Master the Movement of Molecules in and Out of Cells

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 2

Diffusion is the movement of molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. In which direction do molecules move during diffusion?

Accepted Answer

From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Answer

From an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

Answer

Across the membrane without any concentration gradient.

Answer

Only into the cell, not out of the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 4

What is the primary role of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

To bind to solutes and transport them across the membrane without energy input

Answer

To create a concentration gradient across the membrane

Answer

To pump solutes against their concentration gradient using energy

Answer

To prevent the passage of specific solutes across the membrane

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

The movement of sodium ions against their concentration gradient using energy

Answer

The movement of glucose into a cell

Answer

The movement of oxygen out of a cell

Answer

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 6

What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining cell homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It pumps sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, creating an electrical gradient

Answer

It pumps potassium ions out of the cell and sodium ions into the cell, creating an electrical gradient

Answer

It creates an electrical gradient across the cell membrane, but does not involve the exchange of ions

Answer

It pumps ions against their concentration gradients, but does not contribute to the electrical gradient

Question 7

Which of the following techniques utilizes osmosis to separate and purify DNA fragments?

Accepted Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Answer

Electrophoresis

Answer

Chromatography

Answer

Centrifugation

Question 8

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Thickness of the membrane

Answer

Concentration gradient

Answer

Surface area of membrane

Answer

Temperature

Question 9

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Shrink due to water efflux

Answer

Swell due to water influx

Answer

Maintain its shape

Answer

Burst due to excessive water influx

Question 10

Facilitated diffusion involves the use of:

Accepted Answer

Transport proteins

Answer

Concentration gradient

Answer

Energy

Answer

Membrane channels

Question 11

How does ATP contribute to the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient in active transport?

Accepted Answer

ATP powers membrane proteins to pump molecules against the gradient.

Answer

ATP makes the cell membrane more permeable, allowing molecules to move down the gradient.

Answer

ATP establishes a concentration gradient across the membrane, driving molecular movement.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a form of cell transport?

Accepted Answer

Transcytosis

Answer

Passive diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Facilitated transport

Question 13

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

It requires a protein channel or carrier.

Answer

It is less energy dependent.

Answer

It transports molecules against their concentration gradient.

Answer

It only occurs across lipid bilayers.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Release of hormones from a gland cell

Answer

Uptake of nutrients by a root hair cell

Answer

Excretion of waste products from a liver cell

Answer

Endocytosis of a bacterium by a white blood cell

Question 15

What is the primary role of sodium-potassium pumps in maintaining the resting membrane potential of a nerve cell?

Accepted Answer

They pump more potassium ions out of the cell than sodium ions in.

Answer

They pump more sodium ions into the cell than potassium ions out.

Answer

They maintain a balanced concentration of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside the cell.

Answer

They do not play a significant role in maintaining the resting membrane potential.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

Movement of sodium ions out of a cell against their concentration gradient

Answer

Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane

Answer

Translocation of glucose into a cell via a membrane channel

Answer

Exocytosis of waste products from a cell

Question 17

What is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 18

Which type of transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Simple diffusion

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 19

Which process is the opposite of endocytosis, where molecules are released from the cell by fusing with the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Question 20

What is the role of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion, a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

To bind and transport specific molecules across the membrane, down their concentration gradient

Answer

To create a concentration gradient across the membrane

Answer

To provide energy for the transport of molecules

Answer

To block the movement of molecules across the membrane

Question 21

How does osmosis contribute to maintaining cell shape and turgidity?

Accepted Answer

By regulating water movement and controlling cell volume

Answer

By providing energy for cell movement

Answer

By transporting ions across the cell membrane

Answer

By facilitating the uptake of nutrients

Question 22

How do ion channels facilitate the movement of ions across cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

By providing a controlled passageway for specific ions

Answer

By actively pumping ions against a concentration gradient

Answer

By binding to ions and transporting them across

Answer

By creating an electrical potential difference across the membrane

Question 23

What disease is primarily caused by problems with chloride ion transport in epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Answer

Thalassemia

Answer

Hemophilia

Question 24

What is the main function of the cell membrane in cell transport?

Accepted Answer

Controlling selective permeability

Answer

Facilitating passive transport

Answer

Producing energy for active transport

Question 25

Which of the following is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Osmosis

Question 26

What is the primary mechanism by which water molecules move across a selectively permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 27

Which of the following processes requires energy to move substances across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 28

What is the process by which cells engulf large particles?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Osmosis

Question 29

Which of the following processes is the expulsion of materials from cells?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Question 30

What is the function of ion channels in cell transport?

Accepted Answer

They facilitate the movement of ions across the membrane.

Answer

They control the flow of water across the membrane.

Answer

They transport molecules across the membrane.

Question 31

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Glucose transport into cells

Answer

Ion movement through ion channels

Answer

Water movement across a membrane

Answer

Oxygen diffusion into the lungs

Question 32

What is the primary role of cell transport in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the movement of nutrients, waste products, and ions.

Answer

It provides energy for cellular processes

Answer

It protects the cell from external threats

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane in cell transport?

Accepted Answer

Transporting large molecules across the membrane

Answer

Protecting the cell from external threats

Answer

Regulating the passage of substances

Question 34

Which of the following mechanisms allows molecules to move across a cell membrane without the need for energy?

Accepted Answer

**Passive transport**

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 35

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of:

Accepted Answer

High concentration to low concentration

Answer

Low concentration to high concentration

Answer

Equal concentration to high concentration

Answer

Equal concentration to low concentration

Question 36

Which factor does **not** influence the rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

**Molecular size**

Answer

Concentration gradient

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Distance

Question 37

Osmosis involves the movement of:

Accepted Answer

**Water** across a semipermeable membrane

Answer

Molecules across a non-permeable membrane

Answer

Ions across a semipermeable membrane

Answer

Ions across a non-permeable membrane

Question 38

Which of the following is a specific type of endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

**Phagocytosis**

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Question 39

Exocytosis is the process in which:

Accepted Answer

Vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and expel their contents

Answer

Substances cross the cell membrane without utilizing energy

Answer

Vesicles fuse with the cell membrane to bring in substances

Question 40

Which type of transport relies on energy to move molecules across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

**Active transport**

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Passive transport

Question 41

An example of active transport is:

Accepted Answer

**The sodium-potassium pump**

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis