Respiratory Disorders: Physiology for Advanced Diploma in Healthcare

Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness

Answer

Productive cough

Answer

Hemoptysis

Answer

Dyspnea on exertion

Question 2

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing COPD?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco smoke exposure

Answer

Air pollution

Answer

Family history

Answer

Advanced age

Question 3

What is the primary diagnostic test for pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Sputum culture

Answer

Blood test

Answer

Lung biopsy

Question 4

Which of the following medications is a commonly used bronchodilator for asthma?

Accepted Answer

Salmeterol

Answer

Prednisolone

Answer

Azithromycin

Answer

Montelukast

Question 5

What is the main function of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

To decrease surface tension and promote alveolar expansion

Answer

To increase surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse

Answer

To provide a barrier against infection

Answer

To facilitate gas exchange

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of restrictive lung disease?

Accepted Answer

Reduced lung volumes

Answer

Increased lung compliance

Answer

Normal airway resistance

Answer

Obstructive ventilation defect

Question 7

What is the primary mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma?

Accepted Answer

Reduce inflammation in the airways

Answer

Relax airway smooth muscle

Answer

Inhibit mast cell degranulation

Answer

Enhance surfactant production

Question 8

How can stem cell therapy potentially enhance the treatment of respiratory disorders?

Accepted Answer

Regenerate damaged lung tissue and enhance lung function.

Answer

Provide a widely accessible treatment for all respiratory disorders.

Answer

Eliminate all risks and side effects associated with treatment.

Answer

Offer equal effectiveness for all types of respiratory disorders.

Question 9

Identify the most significant cause of asthma from the following:

Accepted Answer

Exposure to known allergens

Answer

Bacterial airway infections

Answer

Prolonged cigarette smoking

Answer

Strenuous physical activity

Question 10

Select the diagnostic test commonly used to confirm a diagnosis of pneumonia:

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray with radiographic findings

Answer

Spirometry to measure lung function

Answer

Blood culture to identify causative pathogens

Answer

CT (computed tomography) scan of the chest

Question 11

Which treatment option is primarily recommended for the management of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators to enhance airflow

Answer

Antibiotics to target bacterial infections

Answer

Surgical intervention to correct airway abnormalities

Answer

Oxygen therapy to support respiratory function

Question 12

Explain the primary mechanism of action of bronchodilators:

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of airway muscles, easing airflow

Answer

Reduction of airway inflammation to improve breathing

Answer

Production of additional surfactant to enhance lung elasticity

Answer

Inhibition of mucus secretion to reduce airway blockage

Question 13

Identify the factors that may trigger an exacerbation of COPD:

Accepted Answer

All of the above are potential COPD triggers

Answer

Respiratory infections, such as colds or flu

Answer

Exposure to cigarette smoke or other irritants

Answer

Sudden changes in weather conditions

Question 14

Select the recommended antimicrobial treatment for pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae:

Accepted Answer

Penicillin as the first-line antibiotic choice

Answer

Erythromycin as an alternative antibiotic

Answer

Amoxicillin as a broad-spectrum antibiotic

Answer

Tetracycline as a last-resort antibiotic option

Question 15

Identify the characteristic feature of asthma:

Accepted Answer

Reversible narrowing of the airways

Answer

Chronic inflammation of the airway tissues

Answer

Progressive scarring and fibrosis of the lungs

Answer

Thickening of the bronchial walls

Question 16

State the primary function of the respiratory system:

Accepted Answer

Exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Answer

Absorption of nutrients from food

Answer

Elimination of waste products

Question 17

Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Persistent wheezing

Answer

Chronic cough

Answer

Chest pain

Answer

Fever

Question 18

COPD primarily arises from prolonged exposure to:

Accepted Answer

Tobacco smoke

Answer

Air pollution

Answer

Viral infections

Answer

Genetic factors

Question 19

Which diagnostic procedure is primarily utilized to confirm pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Blood test

Answer

Spirometry

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Question 20

The primary treatment for asthma involves the use of:

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Surgery

Answer

Oxygen therapy

Question 21

The respiratory system's fundamental function is:

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Waste elimination

Answer

Temperature regulation

Question 22

The hallmark symptom of COPD is:

Accepted Answer

Breathlessness

Answer

Wheezing

Answer

Chest pain

Answer

Fatigue

Question 23

Which treatment is typically NOT employed for pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Oxygen therapy

Answer

Chest physiotherapy

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a well-established risk factor for developing asthma?

Accepted Answer

Infrequent exercise

Answer

Exposure to allergens

Answer

Family history of asthma

Answer

Obesity

Question 25

What is the primary, hallmark symptom of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty breathing

Answer

Chest discomfort

Answer

Fever

Answer

Wheezing

Question 26

Which of the following is a commonly used diagnostic tool for pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Answer

Spirometry

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 27

What is the first-line treatment for acute asthma exacerbations?

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Corticosteroids

Answer

Oxygen therapy

Question 28

What is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Answer

Fungi

Answer

Viruses

Answer

Parasites

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of chest physiotherapy in respiratory disorders?

Accepted Answer

To mobilize secretions

Answer

To improve ventilation

Answer

To relieve pain

Answer

To prevent complications

Question 30

What is the main function of the diaphragm during respiration?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate expansion and contraction of the chest cavity

Answer

To exchange gases in the lungs

Answer

To moisten and warm inhaled air

Answer

To filter impurities from the air

Question 31

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to confirm a diagnosis of pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Sputum culture

Answer

Blood test

Answer

Spirometry

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Fever

Answer

Wheezing

Answer

Coughing

Answer

Shortness of breath

Question 33

What is the leading cause of COPD globally?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Viral infection

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Air pollution

Question 34

Which diagnostic test is primarily used to confirm pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Spirometry

Answer

Skin prick test

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Question 35

How do bronchodilators alleviate asthma symptoms?

Accepted Answer

By widening the airways

Answer

By reducing inflammation

Answer

By increasing oxygen levels

Answer

By suppressing the immune response

Question 36

What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

To reduce surface tension in the alveoli

Answer

To line the alveoli and facilitate gas exchange

Answer

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

To filter dust particles

Question 37

What is the primary function of the epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

To prevent food from entering the lungs during swallowing

Answer

To regulate the rate of breathing

Answer

To produce mucus

Answer

To warm and humidify inhaled air

Question 38

Which of the following is a common treatment for pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Inhaled corticosteroids

Answer

Bronchodilators

Answer

Antiviral medications

Question 39

What is the main difference between emphysema and bronchitis?

Accepted Answer

Emphysema affects the alveoli while bronchitis affects the airways

Answer

Bronchitis affects the alveoli while emphysema affects the airways

Answer

Emphysema and bronchitis are two different names for the same condition

Answer

Bronchitis is more severe than emphysema

Question 40

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom commonly experienced by individuals with asthma?

Accepted Answer

Wheezing

Answer

Cyanosis

Answer

Hemoptysis

Answer

Fever

Question 41

The primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is:

Accepted Answer

Long-term exposure to cigarette smoke

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Frequent bacterial infections of the lungs

Answer

Exposure to air pollution

Question 42

The most commonly used diagnostic test to confirm pneumonia is:

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Blood test

Answer

Spirometry

Answer

Sputum culture

Question 43

The first-line treatment for an acute asthma exacerbation is:

Accepted Answer

Inhaled short-acting beta2-agonists

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Oxygen therapy

Answer

Oral corticosteroids

Question 44

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing COPD?

Accepted Answer

Long-term exposure to cigarette smoke

Answer

Advanced age

Answer

Male gender

Question 45

The main pathological feature characteristic of pneumonia is:

Accepted Answer

Inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue

Answer

Obstruction of the bronchi

Answer

Fluid buildup in the space between the lungs and chest wall (pleural effusion)

Answer

Destruction of lung tissue (emphysema)

Question 46

A common complication that can arise from severe asthma is:

Accepted Answer

Collapsed lung (pneumothorax)

Answer

Inflammation of the bronchi (bronchitis)

Answer

Inflammation of the nasal lining (rhinitis)

Question 47

The primary reason for using inhaled corticosteroids in COPD management is to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce inflammation in the airways

Answer

Improve oxygen absorption

Answer

Widen the airways

Question 48

What is the primary role of physiotherapy in the management of respiratory disorders?

Accepted Answer

To improve breathing function and help clear mucus from the airways

Answer

To prescribe medication

Answer

To diagnose respiratory conditions