Descriptive Statistics Quizzes for Engineering Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 2

Which of the following measures the average of a set of data?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Range

Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Percentile

Question 3

How is the sample mean related to the population mean?

Accepted Answer

The sample mean is an estimate of the population mean

Answer

The population mean is an estimate of the sample mean

Answer

The population mean is always greater than the sample mean

Answer

They are the same thing

Question 4

What is the main purpose of a confidence interval?

Accepted Answer

To estimate the population mean

Answer

To test a hypothesis

Answer

To predict future values

Answer

To compare different groups

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of a skewed distribution?

Accepted Answer

The mean is shifted away from the median

Answer

The mode is the same as the mean

Answer

The data is evenly distributed on both sides of the mean

Answer

The distribution is symmetrical

Question 6

What is the kurtosis of a normal distribution?

Accepted Answer

0

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 7

Which graphical representation is most appropriate for showing the relationship between two numerical variables that might not have a straight-line relationship?

Accepted Answer

Scatterplot

Answer

Histogram

Answer

Box Plot

Answer

Bar Chart

Question 8

To calculate the range of a dataset, which operation should be performed?

Accepted Answer

Subtract the smallest value from the largest value.

Answer

Find the difference between the mean and the standard deviation.

Answer

Divide the sum of all values by the number of data points.

Question 9

Which measure does NOT describe the central tendency of a data set?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 10

Which type of graphical representation is most effective for displaying the distribution of categorical data?

Accepted Answer

Pie chart

Answer

Histogram

Answer

Bar chart

Answer

Scatter plot

Question 11

Which measure characterizes the spread or variability of a data set?

Accepted Answer

Range

Answer

Mean

Answer

Correlation coefficient

Answer

Coefficient of variation

Question 12

Which condition is NOT required for the Central Limit Theorem to be applicable?

Accepted Answer

Population has infinite values.

Answer

Sample size exceeds 30.

Answer

Population distribution follows a normal curve.

Answer

Sample is selected randomly.

Question 13

What is the interquartile range of a data set with quartiles Q1 = 5 and Q3 = 15?

Accepted Answer

10

Answer

5

Answer

15

Answer

20

Question 14

Given a data set with a mean of 10, a median of 11, and a mode of 12, what can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

Data is positively skewed.

Answer

Data is negatively skewed.

Answer

Data follows a normal distribution.

Answer

Insufficient information to determine skewness.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Variance

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 16

What is the range of the data set: 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13?

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

5

Answer

11

Answer

15

Question 17

Which measure of dispersion is most appropriate for skewed data?

Accepted Answer

Interquartile range

Answer

Range

Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Variance

Question 18

Which graphical representation is most suitable for comparing the distributions of two or more data sets?

Accepted Answer

Box plot

Answer

Scatter plot

Answer

Histogram

Answer

Pie chart

Question 19

Which measure of central tendency is most heavily influenced by outliers?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 20

Which graphical representation is best suited for comparing the frequency distributions of multiple data sets?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Answer

Box plot

Answer

Scatter plot

Question 21

Which measure of dispersion is least affected by the presence of outliers?

Accepted Answer

Interquartile range

Answer

Range

Answer

Standard deviation

Question 22

A data set has a positively skewed distribution. Which of the following statements about the mean and median of the data set is true?

Accepted Answer

The mean is greater than the median.

Answer

The mean is less than the median.

Answer

The mean is equal to the median.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a potential source of sampling error?

Accepted Answer

Sampling variability

Answer

Selection bias

Answer

Measurement error

Question 24

A data set has a correlation coefficient of -0.7. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

A strong negative correlation

Answer

A weak positive correlation

Answer

A moderate positive correlation

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Standard Deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 26

Which type of graphical representation is most suitable for displaying the distribution of data?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Answer

Bar chart

Answer

Pie chart

Answer

Scatter plot

Question 27

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates a strong negative relationship?

Accepted Answer

-0.6

Answer

0.2

Answer

0.8

Answer

1.0

Question 28

The mean of a dataset is 12 and the median is 10. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The data is skewed to the left.

Answer

The data is normally distributed.

Answer

The data is skewed to the right.

Answer

The data is symmetric.

Question 29

A histogram has a bell-shaped curve. What can you conclude about the data?

Accepted Answer

The data is approximately normally distributed.

Answer

The data is skewed to the right.

Answer

The data is skewed to the left.

Answer

The data is bimodal.

Question 30

The variance of a dataset is 4. What is the standard deviation?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

4

Answer

8

Question 31

Which of the following is a measure of relative standing?

Accepted Answer

Percentile

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Range

Question 32

When a distribution has a large standard deviation, it can be described as:

Accepted Answer

More dispersed

Answer

Symmetrical

Answer

Less dispersed

Answer

Skewed

Question 33

Which graphical representation is commonly used to display the frequency distribution of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

Bar chart

Answer

Line graph

Answer

Scatter plot

Answer

Histogram

Question 34

According to the empirical rule, approximately what percentage of data points in a normal distribution will fall within one standard deviation from the mean?

Accepted Answer

68%

Answer

80%

Answer

50%

Answer

95%

Question 35

Which characteristic is a defining feature of the normal distribution?

Accepted Answer

Symmetrical bell-shaped curve

Answer

Bimodal curve

Answer

Skewness

Answer

Uniform distribution

Question 36

What is the mathematical formula for calculating the range of a data set?

Accepted Answer

Maximum value - Minimum value

Answer

Mean - Minimum value

Answer

Maximum value + Minimum value

Question 37

What is a primary advantage of using descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

Condensing large data sets into meaningful summaries

Answer

Inferring detailed population characteristics

Answer

Establishing causal relationships

Answer

Making precise predictions about future events

Question 38

In a data set with the following values: 4, 6, 8, 8, 10, what is the mode?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

6

Answer

4 and 10

Answer

10

Question 39

A data set has a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 2. According to the empirical rule, approximately what percentage of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean?

Accepted Answer

68.26%

Answer

13.59%

Answer

34.13%

Answer

95.44%

Question 40

Which graphical representation is most effective for displaying data that follows a bell-shaped (normal) distribution?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Answer

Box-and-whisker plot

Answer

Scatter plot

Answer

Pie chart

Question 41

A correlation coefficient of 0.8 indicates:

Accepted Answer

A strong positive correlation

Answer

A strong negative correlation

Answer

No correlation

Answer

A weak positive correlation

Question 42

Which sampling method involves selecting participants based on their accessibility or convenience, potentially introducing bias?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Random sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 43

For measuring subjective opinions, such as customer satisfaction, which measurement scale is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Likert scale

Answer

Nominal scale

Answer

Ratio scale

Answer

Interval scale

Question 44

Which statistical test is commonly used to compare the means of two independent groups?

Accepted Answer

t-test

Answer

Regression analysis

Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

ANOVA

Question 45

When conducting a hypothesis test to compare the means of two independent samples, which type of t-test should be used?

Accepted Answer

Two-sample t-test

Answer

One-sample t-test

Answer

Paired-sample t-test

Question 46

Which ethical principle is paramount in research involving human participants?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Anonymity

Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Debriefing

Question 47

What is the primary purpose of conducting a pilot study?

Accepted Answer

To assess the feasibility and refine the design of a larger study.

Answer

To collect data for the main study.

Answer

To generalize the findings to a larger population.