Master Schema Design: A Comprehensive Guide for Database Management

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of a database schema?

Accepted Answer

To define the structure and organization of a database

Answer

To store data in a database

Answer

To enforce data integrity

Answer

To optimize data retrieval performance

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of a foreign key constraint?

Accepted Answer

To ensure data integrity by referencing another table

Answer

To create a unique index on a column

Answer

To prevent null values from being inserted

Answer

To enforce a specific data type on a column

Question 3

Which type of constraint limits the range of values that can be inserted into a column?

Accepted Answer

CHECK

Answer

NOT NULL

Answer

UNIQUE

Answer

FOREIGN KEY

Question 4

Which of these is considered a logical data model?

Accepted Answer

Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Answer

Relational Schema

Answer

Physical Schema

Answer

Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

Question 5

What is the key difference between a physical and a logical schema in database design?

Accepted Answer

A logical schema is implementation-independent, while a physical schema is implementation-specific

Answer

A physical schema is implementation-specific, while a logical schema is independent of implementation details

Answer

A physical schema defines the data structures, while a logical schema defines the relationships between data

Answer

A logical schema is used for conceptual design, while a physical schema is used for implementation

Question 6

What is the initial step in the database schema design process?

Accepted Answer

Gathering requirements

Answer

Creating an ERD

Answer

Defining tables and columns

Answer

Implementing the schema

Question 7

What is the primary purpose of a primary key?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record in a table

Answer

To establish relationships between tables

Answer

To enforce data integrity

Answer

To optimize query performance

Question 8

Which data type is appropriate for storing a customer's name?

Accepted Answer

VARCHAR

Answer

INT

Answer

DATE

Answer

BOOLEAN

Question 9

What is the correct SQL syntax for creating a foreign key constraint?

Accepted Answer

FOREIGN KEY (column_name) REFERENCES (referenced_table)

Answer

CONSTRAINT (column_name) REFERENCES (referenced_table)

Answer

PRIMARY KEY (column_name) REFERENCES (referenced_table)

Answer

UNIQUE (column_name) REFERENCES (referenced_table)

Question 10

Which normalization form ensures that attributes depend solely on the primary key?

Accepted Answer

Third Normal Form

Answer

First Normal Form

Answer

Second Normal Form

Answer

Boyce-Codd Normal Form

Question 11

What is a significant advantage of using an Entity-Relationship (ER) diagram?

Accepted Answer

Provides a visual representation of the database schema

Answer

Helps identify and resolve data inconsistencies

Answer

Simplifies the process of generating SQL code

Answer

Improves database performance

Question 12

How do cluster and non-cluster indexes differ?

Accepted Answer

Cluster index stores data in indexed column order, while non-cluster index does not

Answer

Non-cluster index stores data in indexed column order, while cluster index does not

Answer

Cluster index is created on a primary key, while non-cluster index is created on a foreign key

Answer

Non-cluster index is created on a primary key, while cluster index is created on a foreign key

Question 13

In the AdventureWorks database, which column serves as the primary key for the Customers table?

Accepted Answer

CustomerID

Answer

CompanyName

Answer

ContactName

Answer

ContactTitle

Question 14

What is the main purpose of a foreign key constraint?

Accepted Answer

To ensure data integrity by enforcing referential integrity between tables.

Answer

To enhance query performance by creating an index on the referenced column.

Answer

To limit the values that can be inserted into a column.

Answer

To prevent duplicate values from being entered into a table.

Question 15

What is the primary function of an index in a database?

Accepted Answer

To accelerate data retrieval by efficiently locating rows based on specified columns.

Answer

To enforce unique values within a column.

Answer

To prevent duplicate values from being entered into a table.

Answer

To store frequently accessed data in memory for quicker access.

Question 16

Which of the following is a benefit of using a star schema design in a data warehouse?

Accepted Answer

Improved query performance and reduced data redundancy

Answer

Simplified schema design and reduced maintenance costs

Answer

Support for complex data relationships and hierarchies

Answer

Enhanced data security and privacy

Question 17

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of well-designed database schemas?

Accepted Answer

Normalization

Answer

Redundant data

Answer

Inconsistent data

Question 18

A primary key constraint in a database schema:

Accepted Answer

Uniquely identifies each row in a table.

Answer

Prevents null values from being entered.

Answer

Limits the range of values in a column.

Question 19

Which of the following is an advantage of using data type constraints?

Accepted Answer

Ensure data integrity by limiting the type of data stored.

Answer

Reduce storage space.

Answer

Improve query performance.

Question 20

What is the purpose of an entity-relationship diagram (ERD)?

Accepted Answer

Visually represent the relationships between entities in a database.

Answer

Define the data types for each column.

Answer

Specify the primary and foreign keys.

Question 21

What is the primary objective of schema design?

Accepted Answer

Create a database structure that efficiently meets specific business requirements.

Answer

Prevent all possible errors.

Answer

Maximize storage capacity.

Question 22

What is the benefit of normalizing a database schema?

Accepted Answer

Reduces data redundancy and improves data integrity.

Answer

Increases data storage capacity.

Answer

Simplifies data retrieval.

Question 23

Database schemas should be designed to be:

Accepted Answer

Flexible and adaptable to changing business needs.

Answer

Static and unchangeable once implemented.

Answer

As complex as possible to prevent unauthorized access.

Question 24

Which of the following constraints defines a relationship between two tables in a database?

Accepted Answer

Foreign key constraint

Answer

Primary key constraint

Answer

Unique constraint