Bones: Structure and Function - Anatomy and Physiology for Sport

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of bone cell?

Accepted Answer

Chondrocyte

Answer

Osteocyte

Answer

Osteoblast

Answer

Osteoclast

Question 2

What is the name of the hard outer layer of bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Answer

Endosteum

Answer

Compact bone

Answer

Cancellous bone

Question 3

Which vitamin is essential for bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin B

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 4

What is the name of the condition in which bones become weak and brittle?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Osteomalacia

Answer

Paget's disease

Answer

Rickets

Question 5

Which hormone plays a key role in regulating bone growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a type of bone cell?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblast

Answer

Osteoblast

Answer

Osteoclast

Answer

Osteocyte

Question 7

What is the primary inorganic component of bone?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite

Answer

Calcium carbonate

Answer

Sodium phosphate

Answer

Magnesium oxide

Question 8

What is the function of the epiphyseal plate in long bones?

Accepted Answer

Allows for bone elongation during growth

Answer

Provides structural support

Answer

Protects bone from damage

Answer

Stores minerals

Question 9

What is the name of the bone that forms the upper arm?

Accepted Answer

Humerus

Answer

Femur

Answer

Tibia

Answer

Ulna

Question 10

Which component of bones provides them with rigidity and strength?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Osteoblasts

Answer

Osteocytes

Question 11

What is the primary function of the epiphysis in long bones?

Accepted Answer

Protects the bone ends

Answer

Provides attachment for muscles

Answer

Contains red bone marrow

Answer

Produces new bone cells

Question 12

Which type of joint allows for the widest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Condyloid joint

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bones?

Accepted Answer

Producing blood cells

Answer

Providing structural support

Answer

Protecting vital organs

Answer

Facilitating movement

Question 14

The dense, outermost layer of bone tissue is known as:

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Answer

Endosteum

Answer

Periosteum

Answer

Cancellous bone

Question 15

Which type of bone cell is responsible for resorbing and breaking down bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Answer

Osteoblasts

Answer

Osteocytes

Answer

Chondrocytes

Question 16

Long, cylindrical bones such as those in the arms and legs are classified as:

Accepted Answer

Long bones

Answer

Short bones

Answer

Flat bones

Answer

Sesamoid bones

Question 17

Which hormone plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels and bone metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Testosterone

Question 18

Which mineral is essential for maintaining strong and healthy bones?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Magnesium

Answer

Iron

Question 19

The surfaces of bones that meet to form joints are covered with:

Accepted Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Ligament

Answer

Muscle

Question 20

Which type of bone tissue provides strength and rigidity due to its dense structure?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Answer

Spongy bone

Answer

Cancellous bone

Answer

Trabecular bone

Question 21

What is the primary mineral component that contributes to the hardness of bones?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite

Answer

Magnesium phosphate

Answer

Calcium carbonate

Answer

Sodium chloride

Question 22

Which type of joint allows for the widest range of movement due to its synovial fluid-filled cavity?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Answer

Fibrous joint

Answer

Cartilaginous joint

Answer

Intervertebral joint

Question 23

What is the primary role of osteocytes within bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Maintain bone homeostasis, regulate bone remodeling, and sense mechanical stress

Answer

Store and release calcium ions

Answer

Provide structural support to bones

Question 24

Which type of bone cell is responsible for the resorption and breakdown of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Answer

Chondrocyte

Answer

Osteocyte

Answer

Osteoblast

Question 25

What is the specialized cartilage plate located at the end of long bones that allows for their growth in length?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Answer

Endosteum

Answer

Periosteum

Answer

Metaphysis

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bones in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Transport oxygen

Answer

Facilitate movement

Answer

Provide structural support and protection

Answer

Store and release minerals

Question 27

Which type of bone fracture is characterized by a straight, clean break across the bone?

Accepted Answer

Transverse fracture

Answer

Comminuted fracture

Answer

Oblique fracture

Answer

Spiral fracture

Question 28

Which of the following factors can contribute to the weakening of bones?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D deficiency

Answer

Normal hormonal balance

Answer

Adequate calcium intake

Answer

Regular exercise