Clinical Skills
Establishing rapport and building relationships29Active listening and questioning30Breaking bad news and difficult conversations26Cultural competence and health literacy29General examination23Neurological examination30Ophthalmic examination26ENT examination27Venipuncture and cannulation23Suturing and wound care23ECG interpretation26Basic life support30History taking and clinical assessment24Diagnostic testing and interpretation29Management planning and treatment options25Monitoring and evaluation of patient outcomes28Patient confidentiality and consent30Teamwork and interprofessional collaboration28Cultural sensitivity and diversity24Medical ethics and decision making29
Anatomy
Bones of the Upper Limb26Muscles of the Upper Limb21Blood Supply and Innervation of the Upper Limb22Lymphatic Drainage of the Upper Limb24Clinical Relevance of the Upper Limb25Bones of the Thorax23Muscles of the Thorax25Blood Supply and Innervation of the Thorax28Lymphatic Drainage of the Thorax23Clinical Relevance of the Thorax24Bones of the Abdomen22Muscles of the Abdomen26Blood Supply and Innervation of the Abdomen27Lymphatic Drainage of the Abdomen28Clinical Relevance of the Abdomen23Bones of the Pelvis23Muscles of the Pelvis25Blood Supply and Innervation of the Pelvis26Lymphatic Drainage of the Pelvis29Clinical Relevance of the Pelvis23Bones of the Head and Neck28Muscles of the Head and Neck29Blood Supply and Innervation of the Head and Neck24Lymphatic Drainage of the Head and Neck31Clinical Relevance of the Head and Neck27Central Nervous System24Peripheral Nervous System29Autonomic Nervous System27Clinical Relevance of Neuroanatomy23Early Embryonic Development23Organogenesis27Clinical Relevance of Embryology26Basic Tissues22Organs and Systems26Clinical Relevance of Histology28
Physiology
Membrane Transport25Cell Signaling26Cell Cycle and Division22Cardiac Function23Blood Vessels and Circulation30Blood Pressure and Hypertension27Pulmonary Ventilation25Gas Exchange28Respiratory Control27Glomerular Filtration15Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion24Regulation of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance24Neuronal Structure and Function23Sensory Physiology30Motor Physiology23Hormonal Regulation25Pituitary and Thyroid Hormones31Adrenal and Gonadal Hormones25Digestion and Absorption31Gastrointestinal Motility22Liver and Pancreas22Innate and Adaptive Immunity24Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity27Immunological Disorders31
Surgery
Wound Healing26Surgical Techniques28Surgical Instruments24Surgical Safety24Gastrointestinal Surgery22Hepatobiliary Surgery25Endocrine Surgery23Breast Surgery30Cardiac Surgery22Thoracic Surgery27Vascular Surgery22Cranial Surgery23Spinal Surgery29Renal Surgery25Bladder Surgery26Prostate Surgery24Trauma Surgery25Joint Surgery25Spine Surgery24Reconstructive Surgery22Aesthetic Surgery24Cataract Surgery24Glaucoma Surgery26Retinal Surgery26Ear Surgery27Nose Surgery25Throat Surgery30
Biochemistry
What is Biochemistry?28Basic Concepts in Biochemistry24Water and Biological Molecules23Enzyme Structure and Function26Enzyme Regulation25Clinical Significance of Enzymes28Overview of Metabolism25Carbohydrate Metabolism25Lipid Metabolism25Protein Metabolism27Nucleic Acid Metabolism22Structure and Function of DNA25Gene Expression26Molecular Biology Techniques23Diagnostic Tests27Metabolic Disorders29Nutritional Biochemistry25
Immunology
Overview of Innate Immunity27Cells of the Innate Immune System25Inflammation and the Complement System25Overview of Adaptive Immunity26T Cell Biology23B Cell Biology24Overview of Immunological Tolerance22Autoimmunity26Immunodeficiency23Flow Cytometry25Immunohistochemistry24ELISA and Western Blotting28
Medical Microbiology
Historical Perspectives and Scope of Medical Microbiology22Microbial Structure and Function23Microbial Genetics and Evolution27Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity26Common Bacterial Infections22Antibacterial Agents and Resistance23Mechanisms of Viral Pathogenicity27Common Viral Infections23Antiviral Agents and Resistance25Mechanisms of Fungal Pathogenicity30Common Fungal Infections28Antifungal Agents and Resistance22Mechanisms of Parasitic Pathogenicity25Common Parasitic Infections28Antiparasitic Agents and Resistance25Microbial Culture and Identification29Microscopy and Staining Techniques29Molecular Diagnostic Techniques26Factors Contributing to the Emergence and Re-emergence of Infectious Diseases24Specific Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases23Public Health Measures for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases31
Pathology
Introduction to Pathology29Cellular Pathology22Molecular Pathology30Cardiovascular Pathology25Respiratory Pathology30Gastrointestinal Pathology22Renal Pathology27Neurological Pathology27Musculoskeletal Pathology23Endocrine Pathology30Hematological Pathology30Immunopathology29Histopathology23Cytopathology28Autopsy Pathology29
Pharmacology
Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System27Pharmacology of Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists30Pharmacology of Cholinergic Agonists and Antagonists23Introduction to the Cardiovascular System27Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Drugs29Pharmacology of Antianginal Drugs27Pharmacology of Antiarrhythmic Drugs23Introduction to the Respiratory System24Pharmacology of Bronchodilators25Pharmacology of Anti-Asthmatic Drugs29Introduction to the Gastrointestinal System29Pharmacology of Antiulcer Drugs28Pharmacology of Laxatives and Antidiarrheal Drugs22Introduction to the Endocrine System31Pharmacology of Thyroid Hormones30Pharmacology of Antidiabetic Drugs23Introduction to the Central Nervous System25Pharmacology of Anesthetics22Pharmacology of Antipsychotic Drugs26Pharmacology of Antidepressant Drugs27Introduction to the Immune System28Pharmacology of Immunosuppressive Drugs26Pharmacology of Immunotherapeutic Drugs22Introduction to Cancer Chemotherapy27Pharmacology of Alkylating Agents29Pharmacology of Antimetabolites22Pharmacology of Targeted Therapies26
Histology
Definition and Scope of Histology29Basic Techniques in Histology27Ethical Considerations in Histology22Structure and Function of Epithelial Tissue25Basement Membrane and Cell Junctions22Glandular Epithelium28Structure and Function of Connective Tissue24Specialized Connective Tissues23Adipose Tissue29Structure and Function of Muscle Tissue27Skeletal Muscle27Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle26Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue23Neurons and Neuroglia22Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System23Structure and Function of the Skin29Epidermis and Dermis24Skin Appendages25Structure and Function of the Respiratory System23Conducting Airways and Gas Exchange28Respiratory Mucosa and Pleura24Structure and Function of the Heart22Blood Vessels and Circulation26Blood and Hematopoiesis29Structure and Function of the Lymphatic System29Innate and Adaptive Immunity29Immune Response and Tolerance28Structure and Function of the Digestive System27Digestion and Absorption25Liver and Pancreas25Structure and Function of the Urinary System26Nephron and Urine Formation28Regulation of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance29Male Reproductive System26Female Reproductive System26Gametogenesis and Fertilization23Structure and Function of the Endocrine System30
Molecular Biology
The Central Dogma22DNA Structure and Function25RNA Structure and Function22Protein Structure and Function22Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)25Gel Electrophoresis29DNA Sequencing22Microarrays26Transcription25Translation31Gene Regulation30Epigenetics29Genetic Disorders23Cancer Biology22Infectious Diseases25Molecular Diagnostics29
Neuroscience
Introduction to Neuroanatomy22The Central Nervous System30The Peripheral Nervous System31Neuroimaging Techniques24Basic Principles of Neurophysiology26Sensory Systems29Motor Systems26Autonomic Nervous System25Principles of Neuropharmacology22Neurotransmitter Systems22Psychopharmacology27Neurotoxicology22Introduction to Neurology23Neurological Examination30Common Neurological Disorders22Neurological Emergencies22Introduction to Neurosurgery24Neurosurgical Techniques26Common Neurosurgical Conditions22Neurocritical Care22
Communication Skills
Introduction to Communication Skills29Verbal Communication Skills24Nonverbal Communication Skills25Written Communication Skills28Communication in Specific Healthcare Contexts25Cultural and Ethical Considerations in Communication24Communication in History Taking and Physical Examination26Communication in Patient Education and Counseling29Communication in Interprofessional Collaboration27Communication in End-of-Life Care22Communication in Research and Education28
Population Health
Definition and Scope of Population Health27Historical Perspectives on Population Health29Ethical Considerations in Population Health28Social Determinants of Health29Environmental Determinants of Health31Behavioral Determinants of Health24Indicators of Population Health26Data Sources for Population Health Monitoring24Methods for Analyzing Population Health Data27Health Promotion and Disease Prevention30Health Care Delivery Systems30Policy and Advocacy for Population Health27Global Health Challenges22Climate Change and Population Health25Technology and Population Health27
Public Health
Definition and Scope of Public Health23Core Functions of Public Health28Public Health Ethics22Principles of Epidemiology22Biostatistics for Public Health31Data Management and Analysis24Environmental Health Hazards25Occupational Health24Climate Change and Health26Health Promotion Strategies30Disease Prevention Programs30Chronic Disease Management31Health Systems Organization and Financing24Health Policy Development and Implementation28Global Health24
Ethics and Law
Introduction to Ethics24Autonomy and Consent23Beneficence and Non-Maleficence24Justice and Fairness23Introduction to Medical Law26Consent and Capacity25Confidentiality and Data Protection24Negligence and Medical Malpractice24End-of-Life Care23Reproductive Health27Genetics and Genomics23Research Ethics23
Professional Development
Introduction to Professionalism30Patient-Centered Care26Confidentiality and Privacy28Professional Boundaries27Managing Conflict and Difficult Situations29Effective Communication Skills24Interprofessional Collaboration27Cultural Sensitivity in Communication30Documentation and Record Keeping26Principles of Leadership28Managing Change and Innovation27Quality Improvement and Patient Safety31Resource Management and Budgeting26Self-Reflection and Continuous Learning23Stress Management and Well-being26Career Planning and Advancement24Mentorship and Supervision23
Research Methods
What is Research?27Research Design25Data Collection Methods27Data Analysis27Research Ethics25Survey Research24Experimental Research24Observational Research29Data Analysis in Quantitative Research29Interviewing27Focus Groups27Ethnography22Data Analysis in Qualitative Research24Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Methods25Data Analysis in Mixed Methods Research25Strengths and Limitations of Mixed Methods Research22Structure of a Research Proposal21Writing a Literature Review27Developing a Research Question25Choosing Appropriate Research Methods22Developing a Data Analysis Plan29